Unit1 How can we become good learners
【词汇拓展】
1. textbook n.[c]. 教科书;课本
eg. by reading the textbook 通过阅读课本
拓展:text n.文本,正文
v.(用手机)发短信
eg. Tom, a student who I never saw text in class, gave the teacher his phone.
我在课上从未见过汤姆发短信,但他把手机给了老师。
2. conversation n.[c]. 交谈;谈话
have conversations with sb. 与某人交谈 = talk to/with sb.
make a conversation 会话,交谈
conversational adj. 非正式的;口语的
3. aloud adv.大声地;出声地
【辨析】aloud, loud和loudly的区别。
易混词 | 词性 | 用法 | 例句 |
aloud | 副词 | Please read the text aloud. 请大声朗读一下课文。 | |
loud | 形容词 | 意为“响亮的,大声的,吵闹的”,可以做定语和表语。 | He likes loud music. 他喜欢大声的音乐。 |
副词 | 意为“响亮地,大声或高声地”,侧重发出的音量大,传得远,一般多用来修饰 speak,talk,laugh 等动词。 | Speak louder please, or no one will hear you. 请大声些,否则没人能听见。 | |
loudly | 副词 | 意为“响亮地”,基本意义与 loud 相同,常与 ring,knock 等动词连用。loudly 放在动词前后均可,含有“喧闹”或“嘈杂”的意味。 | Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly. 突然,墙上的铃大声地响起来。 |
4. pronunciation n. [C, U]. 发音;读音
poor pronunciation 糟糕的发音
动词:pronounce vt.发音,读音
eg. Please pronounce your words clearly. 请你把单词的音发清楚。
unpronounceable adj.难发音的
mispronounce v.发错音
5. sentence n.[c]. 句子
make a sentence= make sentences 造句
6. patient n.[c]. 病人; adj.有耐心的
(1)n.[c] 病人
eg. The patient is too weak to speak. 这个病人太虚弱了,不能说话。
(2)adj.有耐心的
be patient with sb./sth. 对某人/某事有耐心
be patient to do sth. 有耐心做某事
副词:patiently
eg. She explained the word to me patiently. 她耐心地给我讲解了这个词。
名词:patience n. 耐心
反义词:impatient adj. 没有耐心的
7. expression n. 表情;表示;表达方式
eg. There was a sad expression on her face. 她脸上露出悲伤的表情。
eg. I sent her flowers as an expression of thanks. 我给她寄去了鲜花表示感谢。
动词:express v. 表达,表示
eg. Learning to express oneself well is important. 学会把意思表达清楚很重要。
8. discover v. 发现;发觉
eg. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning.
我发现听有趣的事情是语言学习的秘诀。
名词:discovery n. 发现,发现物
discoverer n. 发现者
拓展:cover v. 覆盖 n. 封面;盖子
eg. There on the book’s cover was a dog which looked like mine. (2019省适应性:十二选十)
9. secret n.& adj. 秘密(的)
(1)n.[c] 秘密;秘诀;奥秘
the secret to (doing) sth. … …的秘诀
(the solution/answer/key/ticket to+ doing; to是介词)
keep a secret / keep sth. a secret / keep it a secret保守秘密
in secret秘密地,暗中;私下里
(2)adj. 秘密的,保密的
a secret door 暗门
10. look up (在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅;抬头看
eg. You can look up the word in the dictionary.
=You can look it up in the dictionary. 你可以在字典上查这个词。
look短语辨析:
look up to 仰慕 |
look at 看...... |
look for 寻 |
look after 照顾,照料 |
look like 看起来像 |
look through 浏览;快速查看 |
look forward to 期盼,期待 |
look out小心 |
look out of向外看 |
look over 仔细检查 |
11. grammar n. [U]. 语法
12. repeat v. 重复;重做
eg. Could you repeat your question? 你能重复你的问题吗?
(1)n. [c]. 笔记;记录;纸币;小便条
take notes 记笔记
thank-you note 感谢便条;感谢信
(2)v. 注意;指出
eg. Please note how he swims. 请注意看他如何游泳。
pen pal 笔友
15. physics n. 物理;物理学
区分:physical adj. 身体的
16. chemistry n. 化学
17. memorize vt. 记忆;记住
eg. I can’t memorize the grammar rules. 我记不住那些语法规则。
eg. The boy has a good memory. 这男孩有很好的记忆力。
18. pattern n. [c].模式;方式
sentence patterns 句型
19. increase
(1) v. 增加
反义词:decrease v. 减少(拓展:reduce/ cut down)
eg. The speed of trains has increased a lot. 火车的速度增加了许多
increase to增加到
increase by增加了
(2) n. 增大
eg. Increase in population caused a shortage of food. 人口的增长造成了食物的短缺。
形容词:increasing adj. 渐增的
副词:increasingly adv. 越来越多地
20. speed
(1) n. 速度
at a speed of以…的速度
at a high/low/dangerous speed 以高/低/危险的速度
eg. It takes us less time to go to Beijing because the speed of trains has increased a lot.
去北京花的时间少了,因为火车的速度提高了很多。
(2) v. 加速 speed up
21. partner n. 搭档,伙伴
eg. He wants to marry his daughter to the son of his business partner. 他想把女儿嫁给他生意伙伴的儿子。
22. born (原形bear v. 忍受)
(1)v. 出生
be born with 天生具有(天分,性格,疾病)
be born in 出生在…
eg. The old man was born in Shanghai, but he lives in Haikou now. 老人出生在上海,但他现在住在海口。
(2)adj. 天生的
eg. He is a born artist. 他是个天生的艺术家。
23. ability n. 能力
lose the ability 丧失能力
形容词:able adj. 有能力的
be able to/be unable to do sth. 能够/不能做某事
动词:enable v. 能够
反义:unable/disabled/disability
24. create v. 创造
creation n. 创造物
creature n. 生物
creator n. 创造者
creative adj. 有创造力的
creatively adv.
creativity n. 创造力
25. brain
(1) n. 大脑
brain storm头脑风暴
(2) v. 猛击头部
eg. I nearly brained myself on that low beam. 我差点被那低矮的横梁砸到脑袋。
26. active adj. 活跃的,积极的: 主动的;
being an active listener. 做一个积极的倾听者。
take an active part in sth. 积极参加某事
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