关于suggest用法及常见错点的归纳
陕西延川中学：刘富祥
【摘要】：动词 suggest有两层含义,可表示“建议,提议”或“暗示,表明”。后接名词、动名词、含疑问词的不定式或从句。作“提议,建议”讲时,宾语从句要用虚拟语气。但不能接不定式或复合宾语。下面分述如下: 一、它的用法。二、常见的错误。
【关键词】： 不定式 动名词 复合宾语 虚拟语气 用法  宾语从句  建议 提议 错点
(一) 动词suggest有如下一些用法:
一、有“建议”的意思。advise、propose也有此意，请比较它们用法的异同：
（1）都可接名词做宾语
She suggested/advised/proposed an early start.她建议早一点出发。
We suggested/advised/proposed a visit to the museum the next day.
我们建议明天去参观博物馆。
（2)都可接动名词做宾语
I suggested/advised/proposed putting off the sports meets.
我建议将运动会延期。
They suggested/advised/proposed waiting until the proper time.
他们建议(我们)等到恰当的时机才行动。
（3)都可接that宾语从句，that从句用should+动词原形，should可以省略。
She suggested/advised/proposed that the class meeting (should)not be held on Saturday.她建议班会不要在星期六举行。
We suggested/advised/proposed that he (should) go and make an apology to his teacher.我们建议他去向老师道歉。
（4)advise可接动词不定式复合宾语，propose可接不定式做宾语。
I advised him to give up the foolish idea.=I suggested/proposed his/him giving up the foolish idea.我建议他放弃那愚蠢的念头。(suggest和propose在口语里可接动名词的复合宾语)。
We proposed to start early.=We proposed starting early.我们建议早一点出发。(接不定式不用suggest和advise)
二、 有“提出”的意思。
如：He suggested a different plan to his boss.
他向老板提出了一个不同的计划。
Xiao Wang suggested a way to solve the problem.小王提出了一个解决这个问题的办法。
三、 有“暗示、表明”的意思，其主语往往是事物，而不是人。
（1)接名词或动名词做宾语。
The simple house suggested a modest income.这座简朴的房子表明(房主的)收入并不高。
Her pale face suggested bad health.她脸苍白，看来身体不好。
The thought of summer suggests swimming.
一想到夏天，就使人们联想到游泳。
（2)接宾语从句，从句用陈述语气。如：
I suggested that she should go home. 我建议她回家去。
The decision suggested that he might bring his family. 这个决定表明他可以把家属带来。
The expression on his face suggested that he was very angry.
他脸上的表情表明他很生气。
四、 在主语从句It is suggested that…及名词suggestion后面表示具体建议的表语从句、同位语从句都应用should+动词原形，should可以省略。如：
  It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party.
人们建议我们在晚会上表演节目。
      His suggestion was that the debts (should) be paid off first.
他的建议是先把债务还清。
      The doctors made a suggestion that the new hospital (should) not be set   up on the hill.医生们建议不要把新医院建在山上。
(二) 使用suggest的用法及使用错点
  错点一　误用不定式作宾语
  要表示汉语的“建议做某事”，英语通常用 suggest doing sth，而不能用 suggest to do sth。如： 
  他建议坐飞机去，可我认为这样花费太大。 
  正：He suggested going by plane, but I thought it would cost too much. 
  误：He suggested to go by plane, but I thought it would cost too much. 
  汤姆建议把房子卖了，但是安表示反对。 
  正：Tom suggested selling the house but Ann was against it. 
  正：Tom suggested to sell the house but Ann was against it. 
  错点二　误接不定式的复合结构作宾语
  汉语通常说“建议某人做某事”，但英语习惯上不能说 suggest sb to do sth，而说suggest sb’s /sb doing sth。也就是说，suggest 后不仅不接不定式，而且也不接不定式的复合结构。如：他建议我们早点动身。 
  正：He suggested that we leave earlier. 
suggest的名词  误：He suggested us to leave earlier. 
  当然，我们也可以用后接 that 从句的形式来表达此意思(注意谓语用 “should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式)。如： 
  I suggest that we (should) have lunch right now. 我建议我们现在就吃午饭。 
  He suggests that we should all go to see the film. 他建议我们都去看电影。 
  比较以下同义表达： 
  他建议他们在没有听到事实真相之前什么都别说。 
  正：He suggested (should) not saying anything till they heard the facts. 
  正：He suggested saying nothing about it till they heard the facts. 
  正：He suggested that they shouldn’t say anything till they heard the facts. 
  错点三　混用其后宾语从句的语气
  suggest 后接宾语从句时，从谓语既可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，其区别与 suggest所
表示的意思有关： 
  1. 若suggest 表示“建议”，则其后接的 that 从句谓语通常用“(should)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式。如： 
  I suggested that she should go home. 我建议她回家去。 
  She suggested that I (should) be the leader. 她提议由我来做领导人。 
  2. 若suggest 表示“暗示”“意指”“表明”等义，则其后接的 that 从句要用陈述语气。如： 
  What he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他说的话表明他是个骗子。 
  Are you suggesting that I’m not suited for the job 你的意思是说我不适合做这工作
  错点四　其后误接双宾语
  要表示向某人提出某情况，suggest后不能接双宾语，即不能用suggest sb sth，而通常用 suggest sth to sb。如：
  我向她提出一个解决问题的办法。
  正：I suggested a way out to her.
  误：I suggested her a way out.
  若其中的直接宾语比较复杂(比如是that 从句)时，可考虑改用 suggest to sb sth。如：
  我向他建议我们应该用另一种方式处理这个问题。
  正：I suggested to him that we should tackle the problem another way.
  误：I suggested him that we should tackle the problem another way.
　　错点五　忽略相关派生名词的相关用法
  按英语习惯，suggest的派生名词suggestion也具有与其词根动词相似的用法，如当suggestion表示“建议”时，若其后接一个that引导的宾语从句，则该从句也习惯上要用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气。如：
The suggestion that shops should open on Sundays led to a heated discussion.
关于商店星期日也应该营业的提议，引起了激烈的争论。
  There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.