Section I Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
The idea that plants have some degree of consciousness first took root in the early 2000s; the term "plant neurobiology was_____(1)around the notion that some aspects of plant behavior could be_____(2)to intelligence in animals. _____(3)plants lack brains, the firing of electrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses that_____(4)consciousness, researchers previously reported.
But such an idea is untrue, according to a new opinion article. Plant biology is complex and fascinating, but it_____(5)so greatly from that of animals that so-called_____(6)of plants intelligence is inconclusive, the authors wrote.
Beginning in 2006, some scientists have_____(7)that plants possess neuron-like cells tha
t interact with hormones and neurotransmitters,_____(8)"a plant nervous system,_____(9)to that in animals." said lead study author Lincoln Taiz, "They_____(10)claimed that plants have 'brain-like command centers' at their root tips."
This_____(11)makes sense if you simplify the workings of a complex brain,_____(12)it to an array of electrical pulses; cells in plants also communicate through electrical signals._____(13), the signaling in a plant is only_____(14)similar to the firing in a complex animal brain, which is more than "a mass of cells that communicate by electricity." Taiz said.
"For consciousness to evolve, a brain with a threshold_____(15)of complexity and capacity is required," he_____(16)"Since plants don't have nervous systems, the_____(17)that they have consciousness are effectively zero."
And what's so great about consciousness, anyway? Plants can't run away from_____(18). So investing energy in a body system which_____(19)a threat and can feel pain would be a very_____(20)evolutionary strategy, according to the article.
1.【题干】1._____.
【选项】
A.coined
B.discovered
C.collected
D.issued
【答案】A
2.【题干】2._____.
【选项】
A.attributed
B.directed
Cpared
D.confined
【答案】C
3.【题干】3._____.
【选项】
A.unless
B.when
C.once
D.though
【答案】D
4.【题干】4._____.
【选项】
A.cope with
B.consisted of
C.hinted at
D.extended in
【答案】C
5.【题干】5._____.
【选项】
A.suffers
B.benefits
C.develops
D.differs
【答案】D
6.【题干】6._____.
【选项】
A.acceptance
B.evidence
C.cultivation
D.creation
【答案】B
7.【题干】7._____.
【选项】
A.doubted
B.denied
C.argued
D.requested
【答案】C
8.【题干】8._____.
【选项】
A.adapting
B.forming
C.repairing
D.testing
【答案】B
9.【题干】9._____.
【选项】
A.analogous
B.essential
C.suitable
D.sensitive
【答案】A
10.【题干】10._____.
【选项】
A.just
B.ever
C.still
D.even
【答案】D
11.【题干】11._____.
【选项】
A.restriction
B.experiment
C.perspective
D.demand
【答案】C
考研时间2022考试时间
12.【题干】12._____.
【选项】
A.attaching
B.reducing
C.returning
D.exposing
【答案】D
13.【题干】13._____.
【选项】
A.However
B.Moreover
C.Therefore
D.Otherwise
【答案】A
14.【题干】14._____.
【选项】
A.temporarily
B.literally
C.superficially
D.imaginarily
【答案】C
15.【题干】15._____.
【选项】
A.list
B.level
C.label
D.local
【答案】B
16.【题干】16._____.
【选项】
A.recalled
B.agreed
C.questioned
D.added
【答案】D
17.【题干】17._____.
【选项】
A.chances
B.risks
C.excuses
D.assumptions
【答案】A
18.【题干】18._____.
【选项】
A.danger
B.failure
C.warning
D.control
【答案】A
19.【题干】19._____.
【选项】
A.represents
B.includes
C.reveals
D.recognizes
【答案】D
20.【题干】20._____.
【选项】
A.humble
B.poor
C.practical
D.easy
【答案】B
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
People often complain that plastics are too durable. Water bottles, shopping bags, and other trash litter the planet, from Mount Everest to the Mariana Trench, because plastics are everywhere and don't break down easily. But some plastic materials change over time. They crack and frizzle. They "weep" out additives. They melt into sludge. All of which creates huge headaches for institutions, such as museums, trying to preserve culturally important objects. The variety of plastic objects at risk is dizzying: early radios, avant-garde sculptures, celluloid animation stills from Disney films, the first artificial heart.
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