2020届浙江省新高考高三英语作文“内容概要”
模拟练习（十六）写作指导
一、试题分析
Look inside any family home in the evening, and you might see a typical enough scene: Mom and Dad, each on their own laptop or tablet, streaming movies, catching up on work or maybe answering emails on their smart phones. Meanwhile, one child is chatting online with one school friend while texting another. The other is playing a video game with a friend on the other side of the city at the same time. Each member of the family is totally absorbed in his or her own piece of technology.
According to some experts, the effect of technology on human relationships is worrying as technology becomes a substitute for face-to-face human relationships. It appears to be the case that many people would much rather spend time with their electronic gadgets（电子产
品）than with one another. Young people say it isdifficult to get their parents' attention and they have to compete with smart phones, tablets and other technology.
However, a report from the Pew Internet and American Life Project offers a more helpful and encouraging view, suggesting that far from replacing human contact, technology can actually better family relationships. Just over half of the 2,253 people surveyed agreed that technology had enabled them to increase their contact with distant family members and 47 percent said it had improved the communication with the people they lived with. Moreover, even the closest members of families need time away from each other at some point to seek their own interests. Family members who might otherwise have sat in separate rooms can now be in the same one while still occupying a different mental space.
Look back at our typical family scene above. Is it any different from four people reading their own books? Or is it driving families apart? Where technology will lead us remains to be seen. Yet there is no need to worry. As a matter of fact, how it affects our family relationships depends on our attitude toward technology.
二、下水体会
把写作比作游泳，要教会别人游泳，教者自己必须会游泳；教者会游泳，也不能只站在岸上指挥，要教运动员游泳，教练必先下水示范，"下水作文"也由此引申过来。表示老师与同学一样，也在写作文。老师就是教练，光有理论不行，还得亲自实践。
通过多次下水，对概写有新的认识与体会，尤其是对概写的写作步骤以及各步骤的具体实践上有新的理解。下面结合本次月考概要写作题，谈谈几点做法，愿与大家交流。
第一步：通读理解全文，了解文章结构，明确各段落之间的逻辑关系，提取全文中心词(尤其是名词与动词)。以本文为例：第一段说明了技术对家庭成员的影响；第二段有些人对技术持反对意见；第三段有些人持赞成态度；第四段说明技术的好与坏由态度决定。要提取的中心词是technology与family relationships。
第二步：细读原文，划出各段的主题句与关键词，关键词以动词与名词为主，涵盖段落全部要点与次要点。以第一段为例，主题句是最后一句(Each member of the family is totally absorbed in his or her own piece of technology.)，还要划出其它关键词，以便全面地概括段
落大意。scene; Mom and Dad; child，这几个词指向上义词family members；所有的动词，指向的是家长与孩子专注电子产品，受电子产品的影响。第一与第二步同你的阅读能力有关。
第三步：根据所划内容，结合理解，重新组织语言。我不赞成将概写称为"paraphrase the topic sentence of each paragraph"。因为这样做的话，学生易受原句影响，眼里只盯着某一句，打不开思维，容易出现抄袭原文的现象。我的做法是根据所划要点以及对原文的理解，用中文概括出段落大意，然后用一句话翻译出来。概写没那么复杂，说得简单一点，就是根据要点造出几个能概括段落大意的句子。所以，提升学生的造句能力才是问题的关键。我对概写的理解是：概写是用自己的语言对原文进行高度概括，而paraphrase(释义)只对某一个词句进行转述，不能将释义与概写两个概念混淆。所以，将第三个步骤称为paraphrase是不妥的，它只是概写过程的一个转述方法。
第四步：通读修改。修改是一个重要的环节，要考虑连接词的使用；高级词汇的替换；句式的多样；语法是否正确以及字数的多少，总之，要尽可能地向上一级水平靠。第三与第四步同你的语言基本功有关，要拿高分，没有扎实的基本功是办不到的。所以，不要好高骛远，从小事做起吧！
第五步：用自信衡水体抄到试卷上，力求清楚美观。
三、中心词句转换
高三英语作文下面是根据每一段落的主题句与关键词对各段落进行一个句话概括：
❶ Mom Each member of the family is totally absorbed in his or her own piece of technology.
--Nowadays, technology can easily influence family members.
如今，技术很容易影响到家庭成员。
❷...some experts, the effect of technology on human relationships spend time with Young people say it is difficult to get their parents' attention
--Some experts think that it has a negative effect on human relationships. Moreover, children feel that their parents often ignore them.
一些专家认为它对人际关系有负面的影响；而且，孩子觉得父母不在意他们。
❸...helpful technology can actually better increase improved the communication
--Nevertheless, a report indicates that instead of making families divided, itstrengthens family ties in contact and communication.
然而，一份报告表明它没有使家庭分开，技术在联系与沟通上增强了家庭关系。
❹...As a matter of fact, how it affects our family relationships depends on our attitude toward technology.
--Actually, it is our attitude toward technology that determines whether it will do harm or good to family ties.
事实上，是我们对技术的态度决定了技术对家庭关系是好还是坏。
四、下水作文
Nowadays, technology can easily influence family members. (要点1)Some experts think that it has a negative effect on human relationships. Moreover, children feel that their parents often ignore them.(要点2)Nevertheless, a report indicates that instead of making families divided, it strengthens family ties in contact and communication. (要点3)Actually, it is our attitude toward technology that determines whether it will do harm or good to family ties.(要点4) [65字]
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