初二数学下册每章的练习题
第一章:有理数
1. 将下列有理数按从小到大的顺序排列:-5/6,0.7,-2/5,5/6,-3/4。
解:-5/6,-2/5,-3/4,0.7,5/6。
2. 计算下列各题中的值:
(1) (-1/2) + 3/4 - 1/3
(2) -2/3 × 3/5
(3) (1/2) ÷ (-1/4)
解:
初二数学下册
(1) (-1/2) + 3/4 - 1/3 = -3/6 + 4/6 - 2/6 = -1/6
(2) -2/3 × 3/5 = (-2 × 3) / (3 × 5) = -6/15 = -2/5
(3) (1/2) ÷ (-1/4) = (1/2) × (-4/1) = -2
3. 解方程:2x + 5 = -1
解:
2x + 5 = -1
2x = -6
x = -3
第二章:分式与分式方程
1. 将下列各数化为最简分数形式:
(1) 36/72
(2) -45/15
(3) -12/84
解:
(1) 36/72 = 1/2
(2) -45/15 = -3
(3) -12/84 = -1/7
2. 将下列各分数化为小数并进行比较大小:2/5,-1/6,-3/4,5/8,-2/3。
解:2/5 ≈ 0.4,-1/6 ≈ -0.1667,-3/4 = -0.75,5/8 = 0.625,-2/3 ≈ -0.6667。
由小到大排列:-0.75,-0.6667,-0.1667,0.4,0.625。
3. 解方程:2/x - 1/5 = 3/4
解:
2/x - 1/5 = 3/4
8 - x = 15x/5
8 - x = 3x
8 = 4x
x = 2
第三章:形式与变形
1. 计算下列各题中的值:
(1) 1.5 - 0.7 × 2
(2) (1 + 2) × 3 + 4
(3) 5(4 - 1) ÷ (3 - 1)
解:
(1) 1.5 - 0.7 × 2 = 1.5 - 1.4 = 0.1
(2) (1 + 2) × 3 + 4 = 3 × 3 + 4 = 9 + 4 = 13
(3) 5(4 - 1) ÷ (3 - 1) = 5 × 3 ÷ 2 = 15 ÷ 2 = 7.5
2. 根据题意列方程,并解之:
(1) 20与数x的和等于40。
(2) 8加上某个数的四倍等于36。
解:
(1) 20 + x = 40
x = 40 - 20
x = 20
(2) 8 + 4x = 36
4x = 36 - 8
4x = 28
x = 28 ÷ 4
x = 7
3. 填空:
(1) 如果5x + 3 = 12,则x = __。
(2) 若某数x加上9再加上2的结果是27,则x = __。
解:
(1) 如果5x + 3 = 12,则x = (12 - 3) ÷ 5 = 9 ÷ 5 = 1.8。
(2) 若某数x加上9再加上2的结果是27,则x = 27 - 9 - 2 = 16。
以上是初二数学下册每章的练习题的部分答案,希望对你有所帮助。