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The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation.
B.C. (Before Christ)公元前
eg Julius Caesar died in 44 B.C. . Julius Caesar 死于公元前44年。
A.D.(Anno Domini 拉丁语）公元（后）
eg William the Conqueror invaded Britain in A.D. 1066. William征服者于1066年入侵英国。
have an operation接受手术
婚礼小秘书perform an operation on sb for… 给…做手术
eg He`ll perform an operation on her for a diseased lung. 他要为她做肺部手术。
operation1n[u] 工作，操作
eg The operation of a big new machine can be hard to learn. 一部大型新机器的操作室很难学会的。
2n[c] 工作，行动
begin operations开展业务
a difficult operation一项艰巨的行动
The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.
定语从句：the mummy is that of Shepenmut，这是Shapenmut木乃伊，那么Shapenmut是何许人也，后面的定语从句告诉我们，who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes 曾在Thebes神殿做过歌手的Shapenmut的木乃X-Ray plates X光片子
taken of the mummy, taken是 take的过去分词，整个过去分词短语作定语修饰X-ray plates，给木乃伊拍摄的X 光片。
have been trying现在完成进行时，一直试图
Whether the woman died of a rare disease是否这位妇女死于一种罕见的疾病。Whether引导的宾语从句做find out 的宾语从句。
take the plates of…给…拍片子
take a picture of sb给…照相
find out1查出，揭露
eg I won`t tell you -you must find out for yourself. 我不会告诉你的，你必须自己去发现真相。
2揭发（恶行）
eg I`ve found you out at last, you cheat! 我终于把你揭发了，骗子！
3（美)寻（某人）
to find out one`s relatives in China 寻在中国的亲戚
find v得知，发觉，查出
find the answer to a question 出问题的答案
eg Please find (out) what time they are coming. 请弄清楚他们什么时候来。
eg I find that I have plenty of time now. 我发觉我现在有很多时间。
die of死于（内因）
die of a fever死于高烧
今天几点立秋时间是早上还是下午die of thirst干渴而死
die in an acceident死于事故
die by drowning溺水而死
die from a wound死于外伤
die by one`s own hand自杀
die hard(指旧观念，习俗等）一时很难根除，消失
The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the shin.
The only way to do this was to operate 搞清楚的唯一方法就是做手术 to to this 是不定式做定语修饰the only way。
定语从句：The operation, which lasted for over four hours,which引导的非限定性定语从句修饰operation 延续了四个多小时的手术
定语从句：which covered the skin 引导定语从句修饰hard resin 裹着皮肤的硬硬的树脂
prove to be +adj/ture out to be 显示出…
skin n皮肤
leather n皮革
complexion n肤
eg Hard resin covered the skin. 裹着皮肤的硬硬的树脂。
eg This briefcase is made of leather.这个公文包是皮革做的。
eg Look at her rosy cheeks. She has a lovely complexion. 看她那玫瑰的面颊，她的肤真的太美
了。
a section of the mummy 木乃伊的一个切片
Duamutef 是古希腊神话中的一个神
wax n 蜡adj 蜡制的
candle n 蜡烛
a wax candle 蜡烛
wax figure 蜡像
eg The lights went out, so we lit candles. 灯灭了，所以我们点燃了蜡烛。light v 点燃light--lit--lit
定语从句： which has the head of a caw 修饰god，意思是有着牛头的神像
how 引导一句话是宾语从句，做动词decide 的宾语，意思是医生们至今还没有弄清楚这位妇女的死因
fear v 担心，恐怕
fear that(从句）担心…，恐怕…
eg I fear we`ll be late. 我担心我们会迟到的。
for fear that…以免，因恐（fear 是名词，因为for 是介词，后面只能跟名词或者动名词）eg Shut the window for fear (that) it may rain.关掉窗子，以免下雨。
fall to poeces 散掉，成为碎片
cut…open 把…切开
cut v （拍电影时）停拍
eg `Cut!' shouted the director. “停”导演叫着。
cut and run （俚语）逃跑
The mummy successfully survived the operation.
Special Difficulties
1Even though she is old, she still gas a good skin .
2These seat covers are made of leather .
3 A baby`s skin is very soft.
4It is pleasant to have a meal by candle light.
5Homer lived around 800 B.C. .
Exercises
1A How
B Where
C What
D When
2A covered 过去分词，也可做定语，但表示被动的含义，不符合逻辑
B which covering 语法错误，应该是which was covering
C in covering 是介词短语，不能构成定语
D covering丹东一号
3
They wanted to know if the woman had died of a rare illness .A
illness n 疾病B
pain C
ache D
hurt 4
dnf女街霸刷图加点She seemed marked out for political success from an early age.A marked up 标高…的价格
It was difficult because of the hard resin covering the skin.题干的意思是它很困难是因为裹着皮肤的坚硬的树脂
足球位置。需要构成定语修饰hard resin，什么样的树脂呢？裹着皮肤的坚硬的树脂
covering the skin 是现在分词短语，相当于定语从句which was covered 或者which was covering.
都有表示“疼痛”的意思The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a samll wax figure of the god Duamutef.
which 引导的定语从句修饰something, 意思是他们还发现一些东西，什么东西呢？定语从句给出答案，X 光片所没有显示出来的东西
This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy.
The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened.
What did the woman die of? How did the woman die ? Die of 表示“死因”的意思，表原因，它后面跟的名词往
往表示死的原因。
这题考察的是现在分词做定语，含有主动的，进行的意思；而过去分词做定语则含有被动的完成概念。
B marked off划分出
C marked out marked out for 使…注定要钓鱼的启示教学实录
D marked down记下
她好想从小时候起就注定了会在政治上取得成功。
Review
last for延续（多久）
prove to be显得是，证明是
fall to pieces散成碎片
die of死于（某种原因）
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