宾语从句
1. Find out the Object Clause. (Self - study)
(1) She says that she would like to see the headmaster. (2) The man who lives next to me is a policeman.
(3) He was afraid that he would forget his Chinese. (4) You must do everything that I do.
(5) I asked him where I could get so much money. (6) Can you tell me what he has said ?
(7) She asked me if she could borrow these books. (8) I will ring you up when he arrives.
(9) We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
(10) Let’s go out for a walk if you aren’t too tired.
A. 当陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that 无词义，在口语中常被省略。
如：He knows ( that ) Jim will work hard.
值得注意的是，在下列情况中，引导宾语从句的that一般不省略(不属于中考考查范围，只需了解)：
1. that位于句首时。如：That our class will win, I believe. 我相信我们班级会赢。
2. 主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语。如：
We hope, on the contrary, that he can play football with us. 恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们一起踢足球。
2. and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句，除第一个从句中的that以外,后面从句中的that不能省略。 He said (that) the movie was very interesting and that(不省略) all the children liked to see it.
他说那电影很有趣，所有小孩都喜欢看。
1.I don’t know. Will there be a bus any more?
I don’t know if\ whether there will be a bus any more.
2. She asks. Did Tom stay or leave?
She asks if\ whether Tom stayed or left.
3.You are reading, aren’t you? He asked me.
He asked me whether I was reading or not.
C. 如果从句是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。
①连接代词:主要有who, whom ,婚庆策划书whose ,what , which等. Eg. I don’t know whom you should depend on.
②连接副词:主要有when, where, why, how 等. Eg. He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
Using the Object Clause, change two simple sentences into a complex sentence. (Self-study)
Everyone knows (that) he is a good worker. I don’t know what your telephone number is.
Do you know if he will come tonight? Do you know where she is going?
She said (that) Uncle Wang would leave Beijing. The students said (that) they had finished their homework.
Our teacher told us (that) the earth goes round the sun.
A. 宾语从句的时态问题：
1．主句用现在时或将来时时，宾语从句可用任意时态。
2．主句用一般过去时，宾语从句可根据需要用相应的过去某种时态。
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.
他问我他进来的时候我是否在读<老人与海>.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.
他问我他进来的时候我是否在读<老人与海>.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
注意： 主句用一般过去时，宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等，宾语从句用一般现在时。
B. 宾语从句的语序问题：
做宾语从句的句子不管原来是什么语序，在充当宾语从句时都要用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语+宾语+其他”。
He asks me. Are they playing a game? 蕨菜炒腊肉
whether是什么意思 → He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.
当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首
Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?
你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.
Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?
你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.
if 与whether 的区别：
whether和if都有“是否”的意思,在口语中多用if.如
I don’t know whether / if he will agree with me.
用 whether的情况
1．在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
2．在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是 直接与or not连用时，往往用whether（if…or not出什么什么意成语也可以使用）。
（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）
3．在介词后，只能用whether。
4．宾语从句前置时牵牛织女星,只能用whether。
5．在动词discuss，wonder之后常用whether。
6．用if会引起歧义时，则用whether可避免歧义。
如：Please let me know if you like the book．
可理解为：
a．Please let me know whether you like the book．请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书
b．If you like the book，please let me know． 你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。
用if的情况：蚍蜉难撼大树
1.引导否定的宾语从句，一般用if不用whether。 I don’t care if she doesn’t agree with me.
2.引导条件状语从句时,if表示“如果”。 Let’s go out for a walk if you aren’t too tired.
if和when两副面孔：
I don't know if he will come． He will come if it doesn‘t rain．
Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？ Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．。
if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如:
I don’t know if he ____ tomorrow. If he _____, please call me.
A. comes, comes B. will come, comes C. comes, will come D. will come, will come
if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态一般与和主句时态相呼应；if和when引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态的一般现在时时，状语从句的时态用一般现在时（即主将从现）
宾语从句的否定转移
A主句主语是第一人称时,在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时，否定式应转移到主句上。
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