中小学语法大全之名词及专项练习题--答案
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专题七 名词 〔可数名词、不可数名词〕
教学目标:
2、掌握名词的概念。
重点难点:
1、可数名词变复数的规那么变化与不规那么变化;
2、不可数名词量的表达法。
名词:
名词是所有事物的名称,包括人、物及抽象概念。它在句子中作主语,宾语或表语等。名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
例如: a book, two books, a student, three students, a family, many families。
1、名词单数变复数规那么变化:
(1)一般情况下,词尾直接加 S 。如:
cat——cats bag——bags day——days
(2)以 o, s, sh, ch, x 结尾的词加es。如:
class——classes match——matches
起名大全box----- boxes dish ---- dishes
(其中,以o结尾的分两种情况 :)
◎有生命力的,加es : Negroes, heroes , tomatoes, potatoes
◎无生命力的,加s: radios, zoos, pianos, photos
(3)以辅音加 y 结尾的词,变 y为 i, 再加 es。如:
party----parties city----cities story----stories
(4)以f 或 fe 结尾的词, 变 f 或 fe 为 v, 加 es。如:
wife ---- wives leaf----leaves knife----knives wolf----wolves
◎注意特殊情况直接加S,要逐个记: chiefs〔部落首领〕handkerchiefs(手帕) roofs〔屋顶〕
2、名词单数变复数不规那么变化:
(1)名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得如:
man—men woman—women
tooth---teeth goose---geese foot---feet
child—children mouse---mice
(2)单复数同形,如:
风湿因子高怎么办deer sheep fish people
“某国人〞的复数有三种类型:
〔1〕Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 三国人单数复数同形,不需加s;
〔2〕Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把man变为men;但:German-Germans
肌肤老化〔3〕其他各国人以–an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如:Americans, Australians, Indians等。
〔可依照这个口诀记忆:中日不变,英法变,其他〞s〞加后面〕
3、合成名词变复数时:
(1〕把一个或最后一个变成复数。
girl friend — girl friends
boy friend — boy friends
(2) 把构成合成名词的两个词都要变成复数。
man doctor—men doctors廉洁教育 woman teacher—women teachers
●不可数名词:
不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词( air, water等)及抽象名词(advice, hate)等。所以它通常只有单数形式。如:English, air, water, cotton, work…
不可数名词表示数量时,可以用量词来表达(量词有复数形式)
其结构是数词+量词+of+名词。如:a bottle of water, two cups of tea,
three pieces of paper
〔虽然不可数名词没有复数变化,但量词超过“一〞的时候要加复数。
如:three cups of coffee, five bottles of water〕
专题七 名词 〔可数名词、不可数名词〕 练习题
一、请按括号内要求写单词。
1、foot___________(复数) 2、child___________(复数)
3、potato__________(复数) 4、sheep____________(复数)
5、story____________(复数) 6、tooth____________(复数)
7、knife____________(复数) 8、hero_____________(复数)
9、tomato___________(复数) 10.photo___________〔复数〕
二、选择填空。
( 〕1、There are two _______in our school.
A. library B. libraries C. librarys
( ) 2、Two _____and three_____will come to visit our school tomorrow.
A. Americans, Japaneses B. Americans, Japanese
C. American, Japanese
( )3、This bag isn’t mine, it’s________, I think.
A.Mary B、May C、Mary’s
( )4、How many _______ are there in the zoo?
A、sheep B、monkey C、fish
( 〕5、Our English teacher is from____________.
A.Canada B、Canada’s C、Canadian
( )6、Our _______desks are over there.
A.teacher B、teacher’s C、teachers’
( 〕7、There are so many _________.
A、tomatos B、tomatoes C、tomato
( )8、Today is Friday. The day of before yesterday was__________.
A.Sunday B、Thursday C、Wednesday
( )9、We have three___________ in the house.
A.boxes of potatoes B、boxes of potatos
C、box of potato
( )10、Jack Chen is a famous________. Many children like him very much.
A、artist B、actress C、actor
三、句型转换.
1、This is a watch.(改成复数形式)
These _______ ________.
2、Are they American cars?(改为单数句)
_______________________________________?
3、This is my box.(改为复数句)
These ________our________.
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