英语词尾变化规则汇总
单词词尾变化规则汇总
⼀、形容词变副词
1. ⼀般情况直接加ly。
3. 以le、结尾时去e加y。e.g. terrible – terribly
4. 以ll结尾时只加y。e.g. full – fully
5. 以辅⾳字母+e结尾直接加ly。以元⾳字母+e结尾时，去e加ly。e.g. wide–widely ; true – truly
6. 以ic结尾时加ally。e.g. automatic – automatically
7. 以ly结尾的常⽤形容词：friendly people; motherly care; lovely dog; monthly exam; a manly sport ⼆、形容词或副词变⽐较级或最⾼级
关于冬天的句子1. ⼀般的单⾳节词和多数双⾳节词，直接加er。以不发⾳的e结尾时，直接加r。e.g. close – closer
2. 以辅⾳字母加y结尾时变y为i加er。e.g. happy – happier lovely-lovelier
山东省高考分数线3. 以重读闭⾳节结尾且词尾只有⼀个辅⾳字母时，双写这个辅⾳字母加er。e.g. big – bigger
4. 多⾳节词、分词形容词(-ed\-ing)和以-ful, -less, -ous, -ish, -ing, -ive等结尾的双⾳节词加more。
5. 不规则变化的词：
good\well – better – best bad\ill – worse – worst
many\much – more – most little – less – least
far (表距离) – farther – farthest (表程度) – further – furthest
late(表时间) – later – latest (表顺序) – latter – last
old (年龄关系) – older – oldest (兄弟关系) – elder – eldest
三、名词变复数
1. ⼀般情况只加s
2. 以辅⾳字母加y结尾时变y为i加es。e.g. baby – babies
3. 以辅⾳字母加o结尾时⼀般只加s，但这四个词加es (Negro, hero, potato, tomato)
4. 以s, ss, ch, sh, x, z结尾时加es。e.g. glass – glasses (玻璃杯) dish – dishes
5. 以f或fe结尾时变f或fe为v加es。e.g. leaf – leaves ，但roof, safe(保险箱) 只加s。
6. 不规则变化的词：
(1)单复同形：deer, sheep, fish(指种类时可⽤fishes), Chinese, means, species(物种), series(系列)
(2)本⾝复数：people, police, cattle(⽜，牲⼝)
(3)改变元⾳：woman-women, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, goose-geese
(4)变换词尾：child-children, ox-oxen, mouse-mice, phenomenon-phenomena
7. 复合名词
(1)只变中⼼名词：editors－in－chief，passers－by
(2)只在结尾加s：grown－ups
(3)都变复数：men doctors，women engineers
11画属木的字四、动词的第三⼈称单数
1. ⼀般情况只加s。
2. 以辅⾳字母加y结尾时变y为i加es。e.g. carry – carries
3. 以o, ss, ch, sh, x, z结尾时加es。e.g. go – goes 特殊：quiz-quizzes
五、动词的-ing
1. ⼀般情况直接加ing。
2. 以不发⾳的e结尾时，去e加ing。e.g. come – coming
3. 以重读闭⾳节结尾且词尾只有⼀个辅⾳字母时，双写这个辅⾳字母加ing。e.g. set – setting
4. 以ie结尾时变ie为y加ing。e.g. die – dying forget – forgetting
六、动词的过去式、过去分词
1. ⼀般情况直接加ed。
2. 以辅⾳字母加y结尾时变y为i加ed。e.g. cry – cried
3. 以重读闭⾳节结尾且词尾只有⼀个辅⾳字母时，双写这个辅⾳字母加ed。e.g. stop – stopped
4. 以c结尾时加ked。e.g. picnic – picnicked prefer – preferred 【附】不规则动词的过去式过去分词变化规律
⼀、A—A—A型
cost—cost—cost cast—cast—cast
cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit
hurt—hurt—hurt let—let—let
put—put—put read—read—read
spread—spread—spread split—split—split
burst—burst—burst set—set—set
shut—shut—shut upset—upset—upset
rid—rid—rid (或者~ed — ~ed)
bet—bet—bet(或者~ed — ~ed)
forecast—forecast—forecast(或者~ed — ~ed)
⼆、A—B—B型
1. 过去式和过去分词都含有-ought
bring—brought—brought buy—bought—bought think—thought—thought fight—fought—fought seek—sought—sought 2. 词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t
build—built—built lend—lent— lent
send—sent—sent spend—spent—spent
bend—bent—bent
用电安全注意事项3. 过去式、过去分词都含有–aught
catch—caught—caught teach—taught—taught
4. 把-eep变为-ept
keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept
weep—wept—wept sweep—swept—swept
5. 把-ell变为-old
tell—told—told sell—sold—sold
6. 过去式、过去分词都含有-elt
spell—spelt—spelt feel—felt— felt spell—spelt—spelt (或者~ed — ~ed) smell—smelt—smelt (或者~ed — ~ed) 7. 过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t
mean—meant—meant deal—dealt—dealt dream—dreamt—dreamt learn—learnt—learnt lean—leant—leant leap—leapt—leapt burn—burnt—burnt spoil—spoilt—spoilt
(注：除mean和deal外的其他单词也可以直接加ed变过去式或过去分词)
8. 词尾去y变-id或者直接加d
say—said—said pay—paid—paid
lay—laid—laid hear—heard—heard
9. 改变元⾳字母
meet—met—met get—got—got\gotten
sit—sat—sat find—found—found hold—held—held spit—spat—spat shine—shone—shone win—won—won
dig— dug—dug lose—lost—lost strike—struck—struck stick—stuck—stuck bind—bound—bound swing—swung—swung wind—wound—wound
hang(挂)—hung—hung (hang指“绞死; 上吊”时直接加ed)
10. 改变辅⾳字母
make—made—made
11. 改变元、辅⾳字母
leave—left—left stand—stood—stood
have— had—had understand—understood—understood 12. 去掉⼀个e或把第⼆个e变d
bleed—bled—bled feed—fed—fed speed—sped—sped (或者~ed — ~ed) flee—fled—fled
13. 去掉其他字母的
lead—led—led mislead—misled—misled shoot—shot—shot light—lit—lit (或者~ed — ~ed)
三、A—B—C型
1. i—a—u变化
begin—began—begun drink—drank—drunk
sing— sang—sung ring—rang—rung swim—swam—swum sink— sank—sunk\sunken
spring—sprang—sprung spin—span\spun—spun shrink—shrank—shrunk (或shrink—shrunk—shrunken)
2. 词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n。（show除外）
blow—blew—blown draw—drew—drawn withdraw—withdrew—withdrawn grow— grew—grown know—knew—known throw—threw—thrown
3. 词尾为“i＋辅（1个）＋e”，过去式将i变为o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅⾳字母为d 或t，须双写d或t后加n。
（give，hide除外）
drive—drove—driven write—wrote—written
ride— rode—ridden slide—slid—slidden\slid
rise—rose—risen
4. 过去分词在过去式后加（e）n。
break—broke—broken choose—chose—chosen freeze—froze—frozen speak—spoke—spoken swear—swore—sworn tear —tore—torn
送东阳马weave—wove—woven wear—wore—worn
steal—stole—stolen wake—woke— woken awake—awoke—awoken (wake\awake也可直接加ed变过去式或过去分词)
5. 过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。
forget—forgot—forgotten bite—bit—bitten
6. 过去分词由原形加（e）n构成。
be—was\were—been eat—ate—eaten
give—gave—given forgive—forgave—forgiven
see—saw—seen rise—rose—risen
arise—arose—arisen drive—drove—driven shake—shook—shaken show—showed—shown\showe
d hide—hid—hidden\hid sow—sowed—sown\sow
forbid—forbad(e)—forbidden\forbid fall—fell—fallen
7. 词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook，过去分词在原形词后加-n
take—took—taken overtake—overtook—overtaken mistake—mistook—mistaken
8. 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同的
bear—bore—born\borne do—did—done
fly—flew—flown go—went—gone
show—showed—shown\showed wear—wore—worn
lie—lay—lain(躺，位于，在于，呈…状态) (注：lie作“撒谎”时直接加d）
四、A—A—B型
beat—beat—beaten
耳后有痣代表什么
五、A—B—A型
come—came—come become—became—become
overcome—overcame—overcome run— ran—run
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