(1)动名词作宾语(特殊)
①下列动词后只能接动名词:suggest, finish, avoid, stop, can’t help, mind, enjoy, require, practise, miss, escape, pardon, advise, consider, imagine, keep, appreciate, escape, permit。
②下列动词短语接动名词:leave off, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, have trouble / difficulty(in) doing sth. devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be fond of, be worth。
③介词后要接动名词。what about、how about、without、be fond of、be good at等介词后接动名词。注意on / upon doing sth. = as soon as 引导的从中。作此意讲时on / upon后也可以接名词。如on his arrival…。
(2)现在分词在句中作时间、原因、伴随、条件、结果等状语。
①时间状语(分词作状语前面可加when, while等)
Hearing the good news, he jumped with great joy.
Not having finished her work in time, the boss fired her.
②原因状语
Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note
③伴随状语
The girls came in, following their parents.
④结果状语
The poor old man died, leaving nothing to his children.
suggest的名词注意:现在分词作状语的几个特性。①时间性。与谓语动词同时发生,用一般时,如发生在谓语动作之前时则用完成式having done。②语态性。与句子的主语之间的关系,是主谓关系或动宾关系。遵循的规则“主动进行,被动完成”。③人称一致性。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
(3)现在分词作表语,S. + be + 动词-ing表示主动,主语是物
(4)现在分词作宾补,S.+ + 宾语 + 现在分词→正在做某事
动名词是动词作名词
而动词ing则多数是表示现在进行时
要区别它们就要看句子成分,句子明显缺动词的.那么它就是动词ing形式
相反,例如一个短语后面要用名词的,那么它后面的(动词ing)就是动名词
现在分词,一般用作状语或定语,修饰谓语动词或者全句。
动名词跟现在分词拼法一样,但是作用不一:
a sleeping baby (一个正在睡觉的baby) baby可以睡觉--动作性--现在分词
a sleeping car.(卧车) 车不可以睡觉--名词性---动名词
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