小学英语语法（五年级下册）
Simple present tense 一般现在时
一 基本用法
1 表示现在的状态；
He is twelve years old.
We are at work.
2表示经常或习惯性的动作。常与always, never, often, seldom( 很少)， every day 等副词连用；
I get up at 6: 30 every day.
We often go shopping on Sunday.
3表示主语具备的性格能力等；
She likes apples.
They speak English.
4 表示公认的事实或真理（ 无时间性）
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
China lies in the east of Asia.
二 句子结构
1 谓语动词是be动词时
肯定句：主语 + be + 其他
否定句：主语 + be not + 其他
一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + 其他
2 谓语动词为实义动词
肯定句：主语 + 动词(原型或三单) + 其他
否定句：主语 + do/dose not + 其他
一般疑问句：Do/Dose + 主语 + 其他
三 动词第三人称单数的变化规则
变 化 规 则 | 例 子 |
一般情况，词尾直接加s | read- reads run- runs climb- climbs |
s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词词尾加es | watch- watches wash- watches finish- finishes catch- atches do-dose go- goes |
辅音字母+y 结尾的动词，变“y”为“i”，加es | carry- carries fly- flies |
元音字母+y结尾的动词词尾加s | play- plays |
记忆小窍门
一般现在时态中，动词一般用原型。
表述事实讲真理，习惯动作常发生。
动词词尾加S(es), 只表单数三人称。
若变一般疑问句，得看句型是哪种。
系表结构和there be, be放句首可完成。
若遇实义动词句，do或dose莫忘记。
Present continuous tense 现在进行时
一 基本用法
1 现在进行时表示现在或当前正在进行或发生的动作。
2 句中有now, these day, at the moment或是有具体的点时间（如 It is 5 o’clock）
等具体的时间状语，常用进行时。
3 句中有look, listen 等动词时，常用进行时。
二 句子结构
肯定句：主语 + be + 现在分词 + 其他
否定句：主语 + be not + 现在分词 + 其他
三 现在分词构成方法
英语时态总结规 律 | 例 子 |
一般，直接加ing | working cooking |
以不发音e结尾的动词，去e加ing | come- coming make-making (例外see – seeing) |
（重读闭音节）一个元音 + 一个辅音字母结尾的动词，双写辅音加ing | run- running swim- swimming stop- stopping (例外fix- fixing draw- drawing listen-listening) |
以ie结尾的动词，ie变y 加ing | lie- lying die- dying tie- tying |
Simple past tense 一般过去时
一 基本用法
1 一般过去时用于，发生在过去，动作以完成，对现在无影响。
2 通常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如： yesterday, last week/ month/year, in 1999,ago, just now等。
二 句子结构
1 谓语动词是be动词时
肯定句：主语 + was/were + 其他
am, is ------was are---------were
练习题
一 写出下列单词的正确形式
第三人称单数形式
fly______ make______ go______
watch______ wear______ do______
动词ing形式
swim______ teach______ visit______
sit________ cut________ die_______
play_______ stop_______ wait______
Be动词过去式
am________ are________ is_______
二 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1 The bat____(like) sleeping in the day and ____(fly) out for food at night.
2 Harry _____(go) to work at 9:00 every morning.
3 Every one _____(say) she is a student of the year 2012.
4 Mother always _____(do) some washing after meals.
5 The two writers_____(visit) each other once a year.
6 —What are you ______(do)?
—I _____(watch) TV.
7 It is My parent_____(read) newspaper.
8 Look, the boy ______(cook).
9 The students aren’t doing their homework. They ____(play) on the playground.
10 There ____ (be) many tall buildings near the river five years ago.
三 选择填空
1 Kate______ looking for her watch.
A is having B have C are having D has
2 Miss Li _____ in a middle school this year.
A teach B teaches C teaching D teachs
3 Lisa _____ eggs but she ____ milk.
A like; like B likes; likes C likes; doesn’t like D likes; doesn’t likes
4 Does your aunt______ English in Britain?
A learns B learn C learnt D learning
5 Do you _____ Chinese lesson every day?
A have B to have C having D has
6 Old Tom usually_____ up at six and ______ sports in the garden.
A gets; does B get: do C gets: does D gets；do
7 Listen, the little baby_____.
A is cry B is crying C crying D is sleep
8 -----Where is Mary? ------ She _____ in the room.
A is playing B plays C am play D are playing
9 Last Sunday, Tom _____ ill.
A is B was C am D were.
10 The rabbit _____ under the table. Now it is beside the sofa.
A are B was C is D were.
三 按要求改写句子
1 The dog is behind the house. (改为否定句)
____________________________________________________.
2 They do to parties every Spring Festival. (改为否定句)
____________________________________________________.
3 He speaks Chinese very well. (改为一般疑问句)
____________________________________________________?
4 do not loudly baby the talk sleeping is (连词成句)
_______________________. ___________________________.
5 Ben and Kitty are in Beijing. ( 用last year 改为一般过去式)
____________________________________________________.
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