2023北京中考真题
英语
时间:90 分钟分
满分:60
第一部分
本部分共 33 题，共 40 分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空(每题 0. 5 分，共 6 分)
从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
( )1. My sister enjoys singing and________favorite subject is music.
A. his
B.  her
C.  your
D. their
( )2. It’s a good idea to visit Beijing________October.
A. at
B. on
C. in
D. to
( )3. —Must I stay here and wait for you?
—No, you ________ . You can go home now.
A. needn’t
B. can’t
C. mustn’t
D. shouldn’t
( )4. —Which do you like ________, swimming or skating?
—Swimming.
A. well
B. better
C. best
D. the best
( )5. —________ do you tidy your own room?
—Twice a week.
A. How often
B. How soon
C. How much
D. How long
( )6. It was difficult to climb the mountain, ________ Sam got to the top at last.
A. or
B. so
C. for
D. but
( )7. —Lucy, what are you doing?
—I ________ a model ship.
A. make
B. made
C. am making
D. was making
( )8. The Shenzhou-15 astronauts ________ to Earth safely on June 4, 2023.
A. return
B. returned
C. will return
D. have returned
( )9. If you go to the concert with us tomorrow, you ________ a great time there.
A. have
B. had
C. will have
D. have had
( )10. Eric ________ many things since he became interested in science.
A. is learning
B. was learning
C. will learn
D. has learned
( )11. The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ________every year.
A. are planted
B. were planted
C. plant
D. planted
( )12. —Lily, can you tell me ________during the Dragon Boat Festival this year?
—Sure. We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race.
A. what you will do
B. what you did
C. what will you do
D. what did you do
二、完形填空(每题 1 分，共 8 分)
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Be What’s Missing
Where was that cashier(收银员)? Impatient, I quickly looked at my
北京中考满分多少分watch. I hardly had enough time to eat a sandwich and rush back to work.
I looked around the nearly empty___13___ , but the cashier was nowhere
in sight. A woman stood wiping(擦) the far end of the counter. She looked at
me coldly with sad, dark eyes.
I ___14___ , getting angry. I’d been standing there for at least three
minutes!
Controlling my anger, I remembered Mom’s words. “ Whenever you find yourself in an unpleasant situa tion, just think about what is missing. If someone is unkind, then kindness is missing. If someone is hateful, then
___15___is missing. If we will be what’s missing, then we’ll provide whatever the situation needs. ”
And here I was in an unpleasant situatio n. How should I “ be what’s missing”? What was missing was
___16___. Maybe I should just jump behind the counter and take my own order.
Just then the woman walked slowly towards me. “May I help you?” she asked, still___17___. She looked so tired. No doubt, she was overworked.
I took a deep breath. With Mom’s words ringing in my head, I gave the woman my order . . . and smiled. “How are you today?”
My question seemed to ___18___ her. She eyed me for a second before answering. “Not too good.”
“I’m sorry,” I said. “I hope it gets better—starting right now.”
She almost smiled as she looked at me. “Thanks. I hope you’re right.”
I thought to myself as I ate my sandwich. We’re all the same, really. We have problems and angers, we get tired and we hurt. We need to be ___19___ to each other.
After eating, I wiped the table cleaner than usual, and put the tray(托盘) back nicely on the stand. The woman was watching me, a big smile on her face.
“Be what’s missing. ” It ___20___.
( )13. A. restaurant    B. street    C. school    D. office
( )14. A. agreed    B. finished    C. waited    D. left
( )15. A. trust    B. love    C. patience    D. confidence
( )16. A. hope    B. advice    C. money    D. service
( )17. A. nervously    B. carefully    C. coldly    D. kindly
( )18. A. disappoint    B. hurt    C. trouble    D. surprise
( )19. A. nicer    B. closer      C. cooler    D. fairer
( )20. A. said      B. worked    C. read    D. ended
三、阅读理解(每题 2 分，共 26 分)
(一)阅读下列课程介绍，请根据人物喜好和需求匹配最适合的课程，并将课程所对应的 A、B、C、D 选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A
Short Art Courses
This course is about making bags to
This course is about telling good stories in picture. There films to watch, and instruction in how to draw your favorite characters.I I enjoy making wall posters of animals and I I like making bags and want to visit art museums to get creative ideas.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容  B
Betty was excited to show her brother David the basket filled with seashells. But David was busy helping Dad get everything back into the car. “What are you going to do with those useless  things?” he said.  “You can’t take them home. ”
“ But I want these seashells,” Betty said unhappily. “Each one is a different shape and size. They are all special. ”
Suddenly, David saw the water rising along the beach. He shouted to Betty, “The waves(海浪) are about to take your toys!” As Betty ran to get her things, she called to David, “Please put my seashells into the car!”
David was putting one of the beach chairs into the car when his foot accidentally knocked over the basket. As David lifted a heavy box, he slipped( 滑倒) and dropped the box right on top of the seashells, breaking most of them into pieces.
Betty came back with her toys. When she saw her seashells broken, she began to cry. David started to pick up
the seashells and place them carefully back into the basket.
Dad tried to explain to Betty that it was an accident. But Betty was still upset. David also felt sad. He thought about what he could do to make it up to his sister. When he got home, he had a perfect idea.
The next morning David waited for Betty with the basket of seashells and some
strong glue. He also had a framed(装框的) photo of the two of them. Together they
looked through the basket and found several seashells that were not broken and could
still be used. Then they glued the seashells to the frame.
“I’m really sorry, Betty. ” David said. “Yesterday I was very careless with
somethin g special to you. ”
Betty looked at her brother and smiled. “You’re the best big brother ever!”
( )24. What did Betty think of the seashells?
A. Clean.
B. Useless.
C. Expensive.
D. Special.
( )25. Betty began to cry when  .
A. she slipped and hurt herself
B. she knocked over the basket
C. she saw the broken seashells
D. she told her dad about the accident
( )26. David glued the seashells to the frame to  .
A. make it up to his sister
B. develop his painting skill
C. prepare a gift for his dad
D. make the picture beautiful
C
Do you know that over 1 / 3 of all food produced in the world goes to waste? According to the United Nations (UN), every year around the world, about one billion(十亿) tons of food is wasted. At the same time, there are nearly one billion people who go hungry. Simply 1 / 4 of the food wasted is enough to keep them out of hunger. In addition, the wasted food produces over three billion tons of carbon dioxide( CO2 ), which speeds up climate(气候) change. What can we do to solve this food waste problem?
One effective solution is balancing food production with demand ( 需求). In hotels and other similar places, special instruments should be used so that cooking specialists just prepare and cook food as it is ordered.
Another effective solution is starting programs to reduce(减少) food waste. Stores and buyers can try their best to be creative in food waste reduction. For example, stores can provide customers with instructions telling them how to make full use of food. Buyers can try not fixing their eyes only on food of the best quality(质量). Sometimes, the food of non-top quality is also good enough to eat, or can be bought and then used to make delicious dishes.
One of the hardest solutions to achieve is for each and every one to buy and prepare food with a plan
of their own so that less food is wasted. Challenging as it is, the use of meal plans in preparing food can play an important role in ending food waste in the family.
Food recycling is one of the known solutions. Efforts are now already in progress. Food that is not safe for humans to eat is recycled into other products such as animal feeds and clothing. Yet, there is still a long way to go and much for improvement in this area.
In a word, food waste has been one of the biggest problems in the world that have influenced us greatly. Many solutions have been found and many more are yet to be worked out. If each of us can put in more efforts, food waste is sure to be reduced for the good of our future.
( )27. According to the passage, what is a possible result of food waste?
A. The problem of worldwide hunger.
B. A big increase in food production.
C. The speed-up of climate change.
D. A sudden drop in population.
( )28. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Food recycling has been hugely successful.
B. Buyers should give up non-top quality food.
C. Stores should train people to make delicious dishes.
D. Meal plans in the family are hard to put into practice.
( )29. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Benefits of reducing food waste.
B. Solutions to the food waste problem.
C. The importance of fighting food waste.
D. The attitude to the food waste problem.
D
When considering the kind of experience that makes life better, most people first think that happiness depends on experiencing pleasure: good food, good jobs, all the comforts that money can buy. If we couldn’t have these, we might as well sit in front of the television on a quiet evening.
Pleasure is an important part of the quality of life, but by itself it doesn’t bring happiness. When people think further about what makes a worthy life, they tend(倾向于) to move beyond pleasant memories and begin to remember other events, other experiences that overlap(有重叠) pleasurable ones but fall into a group with aseparate name: enjoyment. Enjoyable events take place when people have not only satisfied a need or met some earlier expectation, but also achieved something unexpected.
Enjoyment is characterized by a sense of curiosity, of achievement. Playing a tennis game that improves one’s ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that shows things in a new light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn’t know we had. None of these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back on them afterwards, we would say, “That really was fun” and wish they would happen again. After an enjoyable event we know that we have changed, and grown.
Experiences that give pleasure can also give enjoyment, but the two feelings are quite different. For ex
ample, everybody takes pleasure in eating. However, to enjoy food is more difficult—you have to pay enough attention to a meal, so as to sense and tell its various tastes. As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure without any psychic energy, while enjoyment happens only as a result of full attention. A person can feel pleasure without any