托福（听力）历年真题试卷汇编6 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Listening Comprehension
Section One：Listening Comprehension
听力原文：Listen to a conversation between a student (S) and the supervisor of employees (E) at the university library. The student is a part-time employee at the library.E: Hi, Melissa! How was your economics exam?S: It was actually pretty challenging. Thanks for letting me take time off from here to study for it.E: Well, like we said, when we hired you, your schoolwork is always a priority as long as you give us sufficient notice as to when you need off. When you were out though, we had a staff meeting explaining a couple of things. We’ll be dividing work in a new way, and we’ll also be using a new procedure for employees to keep track of what work they do.S: You mean instead of keeping track of how many hours we work per week?E: No, you’ll still need to keep track of your total hours, so you can get paid each week. The new procedure I’m talking about will be extra.S: And you said the work will be divi
ded differently?E: Yes. You work at the circulation desk, right?S: Right.E: So, right now you check out books for students, log the returned books, and sort them by category so the stock team can put them back on the shelves. Anything else?S: No, that’s about it.E: Ok. Well, we’re expanding that job to have you do some other tasks too, so going forward you will also help students locate books on the shelves and put returned books in their proper places on the shelves.S: Oh, that’ll be good. There are times when I sit at the desk just waiting for students to come by to check out or return books.E: Ok, and now for the tracking procedure. We’re asking employees to keep track of the specific tasks they do and for how long. For example, when you’re at the circulation desk, how much time do you spend checking in returned books and separating them, or how much time do you spend checking out books for students to borrow?S: Wow, and this seems very specific. I’m just wondering why do we have to be so detailed?E: Well, the university wants a written job description for each role, so we’re putting together a summary of student jobs at the library with specific details about each job, what specific tasks it entails and how much of the job is spent on each task. It won’t be as complicated as it sounds. You’ll have a piece of paper l
isting all the tasks you do, and you’ll just need to write on it how many minutes you spend on each task. You’ll submit it with your weekly timesheet.S: I also wanted to ask for a few days off again. I have a project due for my world history class at the end of the month.E: That’s fine. Please email me the details. For now, go meet with Ms. Stanton in the reference section. She’ll show you how to help students who are looking for specific books.
1． What is the conversation mainly about?
A．Additional tasks the student will be expected to carry out
B．The student’s interest in switching jobs at the library
C．Procedures the student should use to request time of her work
D．An evaluation of the student’s performance at her library job
正确答案：A
解析：内容主旨题。主管老师告知学生在她不在的这段时间里，工作发生一些变化，具体解释说：We’ll be dividing work in a new way，and we’ll also be using a new procedure for employees to keep track of what work they do．即除之前的本职工作外，学生需要使用新的流程来记录自己的工作细节，后面详细解释此次记录工作信息的原因和过程，因此A选项正确。学生没有表达想换工作的打算，因此B选项不正确。学生对工作时间没有提出要求，因此C选项不正确。主管老师没有提到对学生日常工作表现进行评估，因此D选项不正确。
2． What new job responsibilities will the student have? Click on 2 answers.
A．Helping students find books
B．Returning books to the shelves
C．Keeping track of overdue books
appreciatesD．Checking books in and out of the library
正确答案：A，B
解析：细节题。新的工作职责包含之前的本职工作及记录每项工作时长，主管对其中本职工作进行了举例说明：you will also help students locate books on the shelves and put returned books in their proper places on the shelves．即需要帮助学生查书籍位置，其次需要把书籍还回正确的位置，因此A选项和B选项是正确答案。对工作职责的描述中，未提到学生需记录过期书籍，也未提到学生需负责办理借书、还书的手续，因此C选项和D选项不正确。
3． What does the student imply about her current work at the circulation desk?
A．She is too busy to learn new tasks.
B．She appreciates being able to study at work.
C．She already keeps track of the specific tasks she does.
D．She occasionally has nothing to do.
正确答案：D
解析：推断题。当学生谈及目前的工作时，学生提到：There are times when I sit at the desk just waiting for students to come by to check out or return books．即工作不算忙碌。有时甚至是在等待学生来借书或还书，因此D选项是正确答案。学生未表述工作繁忙而不能接受新任务，因此A选项不正确。学生并未表达想要边工作边学习的打算，因此B选项不正确。记录具体的工作内容和时间是接下来的工作任务。学生并未开始记录。因此C选项不正确。
4． Why does the man mention job descriptions?
A．To ask the student what parts of her current job she lives best
B．To clarify why the student’s duties at the circulation desk will change
C．To explain why employees will need to keep a more detailed record of her work
D．To clarify why the student will be transformed another department
正确答案：C
解析：组织结构题。在说明此次记录工作内容和时间的意义时，主管老师提到：the university wants a written job description for each role，so we’re putting together a summary of student jobs at the library with specific details about each job，what specific tasks it entails and how much of the job is spent on each task．即学校想要统计每份工作的工作细则和需花费时间，因此C选项是正确答案。主管并未询问目前工作中学生最享受的部分，因此A选项不正确。学生借阅台的基本工作职责没有变化，因此B选项不正确。对话中未提到学生会调动到其他部门，因此D选项不正确。
5． What is the reason that the speakers discuss the end of the month?
A．The student does not plan to work at the library much longer.
B．The training the student needs will not take place until the next month.
C．The student will need more time off from work to devote to her studies.
D．The tracking of specific information will be required for only a month.
正确答案：C
解析：细节题。在对话的后半部分，学生提出请假的请求，并具体说明原因：I have a project due for my world history class at the end of the month．即《世界历史》的课题项目在月底截止，想要请假完成，因此C选项正确。学生没有表达不想在图书馆继续工作的打算，因此A选项不正确。在结尾部分，主管老师让学生立刻Ms．Stanton参加培训，且该部分未提到月底的培训，因此B选项不正确。主管老师并未提及仅需记录一个月的工作细则，因此D选项不正确。
听力原文：Listen to part of a lecture in an astronomy class.Professor: We’ve been focusing on the outer solar system and the planets Jupiter and Saturn. “Now let’s turn our attention to another gas giant planet Uranus, one of the most difficult planets for astronomers to study due to its distance from the Earth. To give you a hint how far away this planet is, one orbit around the sun takes Uranus 84 Earth years. Yes, Kevin?Student: Didn’t the Voyager’s spacecraft get close enough to take pictures of it?Professor: Yes, the spacecraft did get close enough to take pictures and measurements. Actually, we’ve learned a lot about its moons and rings from the Voyager flyby. Nonetheless, you can study a planet without making close-up observations. We have been able to deduce quite a lot about Uran
us by observing it from Earth. For instance, when you look at Uranus through a telescope, it appears like a blue-green disk. What does this mean?Student: What it’s made of?Professor: Well, not exactly. lt tells us the composition of the planet’s atmosphere. It means that Uranus’ atmosphere has methane gas in it. Why? Well, the explanation for the blue-green color goes like this: methane gas absorbs red light, so as sunlight passes through Uranus’ atmosphere and is reflected back into space, the methane gas absorbs most of the red portion of the light and then allows the other light pass through. That’s the blue-green color we see. Using indirect observation, we can make inferences about the composition of the planet’s interior. For example, we know its mass volume, so we are able to calculate its density. Knowing Uranus’ density gives us ideas about its chemical makeup, because the density of a substance is consistent, so planets that have the same density usually are made of the same material, but not always. For example, Uranus and Jupiter have almost the same density; however, we know that Jupiter has a lot more material, a lot more mass than Uranus, and all that mass presses on itself, increasing its own density. So even though their densities are almost the same, Uranus probably is made up of heavier elemen
ts than Jupiter.Student: So is Uranus made of rock? Of iron?Professor: We’re discussing gas giant planets, aren’t we? Its density is much lower than that of rocky planets. Uranus might have a small core of rock or iron, but we think it’s primarily comprised of ordinary water mixed with methane and ammonia. Now another feature of Uranus is its rotation axis, which is nearly level with its path around the sun. No other planet in our solar system is tilted so far on its side.Student: Do we know why Uranus’ tilt is so unusual?Professor: Well, some researchers think it might be the result of a collision with another object in Uranus’ history, which changed its rotation. A result of this tilt is that the poles get most of the sunlight; half the time one pole and half the time the other within a year. And remember, that’s 84 years, so you get very long seasons.Student: It probably doesn’t get warm anywhere there, so far away from the sun.Professor: Right. And not only is Uranus far away from the sun, it doesn’t generate any heat, unlike the other giant planets which actually give off more heat than they get from the sun, so Uranus must have a very low core temperature and we don’t know the reason. Some astronomers think it is related to the unusual tilt, that the collision that knocked Uranus onto its side may have caused it to r
elease much of its internal heat. Of course there are other theories. But getting back to your question earlier about the Voyager’s spacecraft. l don’t want you to think that these space missions are somehow superfluous in terms of what we can learn about a planet. For example, we know that Uranus has a magnetic field and this is something that we can’t learn from our standing point here on the Earth. You have to get up close for that.
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