牛津译林英语八年级下册8B Unit8知识点归纳
Welcome to the unit
1.Will more trees be planted this year? 今年会种更多的树？
plant trees植树 句中will be planted 意思是“将会被种植”，“will be + 动词的过去分词”是一般将来时的被动语态。
The panda will be sent to the zoo tomorrow. 这只大熊猫明天将被送到动物园。
2. Trees are good for us. 树对我们有益。
3. I like digging in the garden. 我喜欢在花园里挖土。 dig- dug -dug
4. Are you serious? 你是认真的吗？
nothing serious没有什么严重的事情
be serious about sth.= take sth seriously 严肃对待
a serious illness 一个严重的病
5. reduce air pollution by riding bicycles.通过骑自行车减少空气污染。
reduce air pollution减少空气污染
“by doing sth.”意思是“通过做某事”。
6. save water by taking shorter showers通过少洗澡来节约水
take/have a shower 洗淋浴
7. save energy by turning off the lights 关灯节约能源
turn on/off + the light/the computer/TV/the radio
打开…… turn up 开大音量 turn down 关小音量
8. protect the environment by recycling waste
9. What should we do to live a green life?为了过上环保的生活我们该做什么 呢？
live a …life 过着…的生活
10. drive to sp. = go to sp. by car意思是 “开车去某地”。
11.take the underground 乘地铁
12. It’s wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycles.
人们选择坐公交或骑车是很明智的。
13.remember to turn off the lights 记得关灯
remember to do sth. 记得要做某事 remember doing sth.记得做了某事
Reading
1. a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes 一个拥有高山和清澈湛蓝湖水的国家
2. try to keep it that way努力保持它的原貌
3. In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled. 在瑞士，像玻璃、塑料和纸被分成不同的小组，然后回收利用。
(1) separate意指从….分离、挑拣出来的意思， separate…..from 从一个大的整体里分出来。
The children are separating the good apples from the bad ones． 孩子们正在把好苹果与坏苹果分开。
England is separated from France by the Channel． 英吉利海峡把英国和法国分开。
We walked until midnight and then separated． 我们散步到午夜才分手。
(2)divide 意为“分割；分开”，强调把一个整体按等量或一定比例分开。它常与into连用。
He devided the apple into 4 pieces.〔他把那个苹果分成了4份．（苹果是一个整体）〕
(3)separate into 是指把一些东西分离，不是一个整体，如：We are separated into 4 groups.〔我们被分为4组．（因为我们每个人都是一个单独的个体，所以不能算作整体．）〕
4. an organization for recycling clothes一个循环利用衣服的组织
5. collect old clothes from all over the country 从全国各地收集旧衣服
6. some…, some…, and others… . 一些…， 一些…， 还有一些…。（固定句型）
another, other, others和the others
a) another 通常用于指三者或三者以上, “下一个的,另一个的”.
This pair of shoes is too short for me, and I want to try another one.
但是若其后有数词或 few 修饰时，则也可接复数名词。如：
We need another few chairs. In another two weeks it'll be finished.
b) other 指剩下的一部分,相当于some,
Some people are playing on the playground, other people are playing chess under the tree
一些人在操场上玩,还有一部分人在树下下棋
other之前常用定冠词the．一定范围内两人（物），一个用one,另一个用the other. one…the other
I have two cats, one is black and the other is white.
There are only two books left. But I don’t like this one. Will you please show me the other?
(3) 泛指别的人或物时，用others。 当在一定范围内，除去一部分后，剩余部分但不是全部时候，也用others.
others 和some对比使用时, 是“有些”的意思而不是做“其他”讲, some…others
Some cleaned the windows, others mopped the floor. 有的擦窗户, 有的擦地板。
c) the others 是“其余的”意思, 表示在一个范围内的其他全部,
He is cleverer than the others [the other students] in her class.
There are thirty students in our class. Twenty are girls. The other students are boys.
Some of the pencils are red. The others are green.
(4) some…, some…, and others… . 一些…， 一些…， 还有一些…。（固定句型）
Some people enjoy reading in their spare time, some enjoy riding, and others enjoy staying at home.
7. be given to the poor 给贫困的人
8. be sent to factories for recycling送到工厂进行循环利用 send … to 把……送给……
9. have many laws to protect the environment 有许多保护环境的法律
10. be not allowed to cut down trees 不允许砍树
allow v. 允许，准许 I’m afraid we don’t allow people to bring dogs into this restaurant.
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 sb. be allowed to do （被动）
allow doing We do not allow smoking in the hall.
cut down 砍到 cut down trees吹倒树木
11. will be punished 会被惩罚 punishment n. 惩罚
12. drop litter in a public place 在公开场合丢垃圾
13. be fined by the police 被警察
fine 作动词 fine sb. for sth./ doing sth. He was fined 50 pounds for driving without lights.
recycle是什么意思 作名词 You’ll get a fine if you park your car here.
14. laws to limit air and water pollution 控制空气和水污染的法律
limit n. 限度，限制 He was fined for exceeding the speed limit.
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