英语中考复习词性
英语中考复习 词性
名 词
在中考单项选择试题中，除了时态，名词的考查频率也较高。一般考查以下几点：
一、 可数名词与不可数名词
在可数名词与不可数名词上一般出现这样几类，（1）分辨是哪一类名词，并根据结论做选择。（2）可数名词复数的不规则变化。（3）不可数名词的量化表达。所以，考生首先要能够明确哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。其次，还要知道可数名词的复数的变化规则。可数名词的变化规则一般是在单词后面加-s 或-es，如：
1desk---desks bed---beds piano---pianos
hat---hats bag---bags photo---photos
2bus---buses box---boxes
watch---watches brush---brushes
3tomato---tomatoes potato---potatoes
hero---heroes Negro---Negroes
4 leaf---leaves knife---knives
5baby---babies family---families
另外，还要记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式，如：
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
Russian---Russians American---Americans
German --- Germans
child---children foot---feet
man---men woman---women
tooth---teeth goose --- geese
deer---deer sheep---sheep
还要掌握不可数名词的量化表达有： a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass of
另外，大家应注意：单数集合名词作主语时谓语动词“数的”变化：单数集合名词如class, police, family, school, group, team等。尽管形式上是单数，意义上都是复数，因此，一般要与复数谓语动词连用，例如：
Class Five have a foreign friend.
五班有一位外国朋友。（这里的五班指五班的同学的。）
His family are good to me. 他的家人对我很好。（很显然，这里的family指家庭成员。）当上述集合名词着重指“整体”时， 意义上则是单数，因此，要与单数谓语动词连用。例如，
Our school team often plays well in our city.
我们的校队经常在我们市踢得很好。（这里的team 指整个队，但意义上仍为单数，故谓语动词用plays.
二、 名词所有格
名词所有格有两种形式：一是加’s，一种是用of来表示。一般情况下，指某人的某物用’s表示，而指某物的什么用of 短语来表示。另外，要注意凡是以s结尾的名词或规则名词的复数，不能直接加’s，而应该加-’即可。例如，boys’ clothes girls’ dresses。 不过，注意例外情况，例如， the boss’s handwriting，其中the boss’s 的-’s不可省略。因为在英语中，如果以-s 或-ss 结尾的名词不是复数复数形式，那么其名词所有格仍加-‘s。那么你会说“琼斯的小汽车”吗？对，Jones’s car。
下面我们来做一部分习题。
1. June 1st is ___ Day.
A. Child’s B. Childs’ C. Childrens’ D. Children’s
答案：D
2. I need ___ paper, Mum. I want to write ___ letter to my English teacher.
A. any, some B. some, a C. a, some D. some,any
答案：B
3. There are two ___ and three ___ on the table.
A. knifes, forks B. knifes, fork C. knives, forkes D. knives, forks
答案：D
4. We have got a lot of___ today.
A. newspaper to read B. homework to do C. homeworks to donoise的形容词
D. book to read
答案：B
5. We could see __ children and hear ___ noise in the park.
A. many, many B. much, much C. many, much D. much, many
答案：C
6. Will you pass me ___?
A. a few pieces of chalk B. a few chalks C. a few of chalks
D. some chalks
答案：A
7. ___ has been invited to the dancing party.
A. A friend of her B. A friend of hers C. Friends of hers
D. Friends of her
答案：B
下面请大家自己练习一下。
1. September 10th is ___ Day.
A. the Teacher B. Teachers’ C. Teacher D. Teacher’s
答案：B
2. ---Can I help you, sir?
---I’d like to have 100___. I want the students to draw pictures on them.
A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. papers D. paper
答案：B
3. ---Would you like ___ milk, please?
---No, thank you. I still have some.
A. some more B. an C. a little of D. all
答案：A
4. ___ the old woman is in!
A. What good health B. How a good health C. What a good health D. How good health
答案：A
① What + a(n) + 形容词 + 单数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！
② What + 形容词 + 复数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！
③ What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！
④ How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！
⑤ How + 形容词 + a(n) + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！
⑥ How + 主语 + 谓语！
5. I’m going to help ___ with ___ English.
A. a friend of Nancy, hers B. a friend of Nancy’s, her
C. a friend of Nancy’s, hers D. a friend of Nancy, her
答案：B
6. The two desks here are ___. You may use the desk over there.
A. Mary and Jane B. Marys and Janes C. Mary and Jane’s
D. Mary’s and Jane’s
答案：D
形容词和副词
在中考单项选择中形容词也占一定比例，一般考查有关形容词或副词的一些搭配，但绝大部分考查形容词与副词的比较级和最高级。
一、 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
①一般的比较级和最高级在形容词或副词后加-er或-est，如：small --- smaller --- smallest
② 以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词直接加 –r或 –st，如
large --- largest --- largest
③ 重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母的，需双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est。
④ 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词和副词，把“y”变“i”，再加 –er或-est.
busy---busier---busiest
happy---happier---happiest
但一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如：
slowly --- more slowly --- most slowly
difficult---more difficult---most difficult
beautiful---more beautiful---most beautiful
但还有一些不规则的变化：
good / well---better---best
many---more---most
bad / ill / badly ---worse---worst
little---less---least
far --- farther / further --- farther / furthest
二、 形容词和副词的等比句型
①as…as… 和……一样
I’m as tall as you.
② not as(so)…as 不和…… 一样（在否定句中常用so 来代替as）如，
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