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摘要
斯蒂芬·茨威格生于奥地利，《一个陌生女人的来信》是其代表作，这部作品讲述了一个女人终其一生爱着一个、游戏人间的小说家，但在小说家的世界里，她只是一个过客，所以对这个男人来说，她永远是一个陌生的女人；她在生命的最后时刻，拖着病体用一封信记录下了自己悲惨的一生。在这篇论文中，研究了茨威格对女性形象的独特描写手法以及我们能从中得到的有用的写作技巧；从小说女主人公可悲的人生经历中反思人道主义悲剧、寻自我存在的价值；文学作品普遍具有象征意义，在爱情的掩映下，其实是作者内心的自述，这篇小说就是作者的代言人，我们能在其中看到世界大战之后知识分子迷茫的、难以捉摸的精神状况。
本论文共分为五章，分别从作者的身世经历与作品的故事情节、女性形象分析、人物心理描写、人道主义悲剧和作者茨威格的内心世界五个角度对这部小说进行了解读。
关键词：情感；象征手法；女性形象；潜意识
The Analysis of the Writing Techniques of Letter from
an Unknown Woman
ABSTRAST
Stefan Zweig was born in Austria, Letter from an Unknown Woman is his representative work. The novel tells the story of a woman loves a romantic and dissolute novelist all her life, but in the novelist’s world, she is just a passer-by. So for this man, she will always be an “unknown woman”. At the end of her life, She dragged her sick body with a letter to record her miserable life. In this paper, Zweig’s unique depiction of female images and useful writing skills can be researched. From the tragic life experience of the heroine of the novel, we can reflect on the humanitarian tragedy and find the value of our own existence. Literary works are generally of symbolic significance. Under the shadow of love, they are actually the author’s inner narration. This novel is the author’s spokesman, in which we can see the confused and elusive mental state of intellectuals after the world war.
The thesis has five chapters in all. To understand and read the novel from the author’s life experience and the plot of the work, the analysis of female image, the psychological description of characters, the humanitarian tragedy and the author Zweig’s inner world five perspectives.
Key words: emotion; symbolism; female image; subconscious
Table of Contents
摘要 (i)
ABSTRAST (ii)
I. Introduction (1)
1.1 Author’s Status (1)
1.2 Author’s Background (1)
1.3 The Content of Letter from an Unknown Woman (3)
II. Female Image Analysis (5)
2.1 Adolescence -- Curiosity (5)
2.2 Youth -- Infatuation (5)
2.3 Mature Period -- Unrequited Love (6)
III. Characteristics and Psychological Portrayal Skills (8)
3.1 Emotion (8)
3.2 Loyalty (8)
3.3 Struggle (9)
IV. The Humanitarian Spirit in the Novel (11)
V. The Inner World Feeling of Zweig (13)
VI. Epilogue (15)
Reference ............................................................... 错误!未定义书签。Acknowledgments ................................................ 错误!未定义书签。
I. Introduction
1.1 Author’s Status
Stefan Zweig is an outstanding Austrian writer. His novel Letter from an Unknown Woman is popular with readers from all over the world, because of its poignant and amazing love story, elegant languag
e narrative, delicate and complex emotional description and other artistic features. This is a masterpiece across the times and the country. The tone of Zweig’s works is realistic, and the best technique is the delicate psychological description.
Someone recognized that Zweig’s novels scored not with “numerous characters, vast historical backgrounds, ”colorful pictures of customs and intricate storylines”, but “with vagaries of fierce inner struggle, that is, the vagaries of emotional ups and downs”. The above characteristics, together with the author’s extraordinary life, provide basis for the multi-interpretation of Zweig’s novels.
In this paper, through the study of the writing techniques in Letter from an Unknown Woman, it explores the narrative structure of Zweig’s novels and the techniques of depicting the characters and psychology. It also embodies the humanitarian thought in Zweig’s works and his own spiritual appeal.
1.2 Author’s Background
Zweig’s creation and life is a paradox. He is known as the world’s most woman-knowing writer, but has so far made feminists unhappy; he was hailed as “the world’s leading writer”but never won any literary prizes; he wrote 12 biographies closely related to politics, but called himself “don’t ask politics”. His works are exquisite in the character shaping and psychological portrayal of the characte
r, write the human pride, vanity, jealousy and hatred, but still cannot overcome the fragility of
human nature, let his own life fall in an instant. On February 23, 1942, Zweig and his wife took a drug to suicide in Brazil.
Born in 1881 in Vienna, the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Zweig educated from an early age, he published poetry in a journal in Vienna at the age of 16. From 1907 to World War I, he matured in his creation. During the First World War, many well-known European writers failed to shake off the influence of narrow nationalism and chauvinism, and only a few people who kept their heads down and stuck to their anti-war stances, Zweig was one of them. The 20 years after World War I were Zweig’s period of golden writings and he also wrote other popular novels such as biographies of celebrities such as Roman Roland and Letter from an Unknown Woman.
The tone of Zweig’s work is realist, and the best technique is the delicate psychological description. Gorky gives the crown of “the world’s most women-savvy writer”to Zweig, “I was deeply moved by this short ---- Letter from an Unknown Woman, the surprisingly sincere tone, the supreme warmth of women, the originality of the subject, and the expressiveness that only real artists have”, he wrote in his letter to Zweig.
陌生女人的来信Zweig’s works, especially his novels, mainly focus on the theme of “emotion, passion, eroticism, women and tragedy”. By describing the inner world of the characters, Zweig shows various sentiment and rich emotional activities and psychological states, which are in harmony with the aesthetic expectations of Chinese readers. These novels either focus on the psychological analysis of the budding youth of young boys and girls, or record the painful and miserable confession of the hearts of adult men and women who commit the crime of passion driven by passion, or describe the bitter memories of the intense emotional process of old men and women. In Zweig’s works, the reader finds a strange and attractive emotional world”and resonates with them.