【Shell】Shell编程之while循环命令语法结构
while命令的基本格式:
while test command
do
other commands
done
计数器控制的While循环
⽰例1、打印⼩于等于10的数
[root@strong bash_stu]# cat test2.sh
#!/bin/bash
i=1
while [ $i -lt 10 ]
do
echo $i
i=$(($i+1))
done
[root@strong bash_stu]# . test2.sh
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
[root@strong bash_stu]#
⽰例2、计算1~100内的奇数和
[root@strong shell_stu]# cat test.sh
#!/bin/bash
sum=0
i=1
while [ $i -lt 100 ]
do
sum=$(($sum+$i))
i=$(($i+2))
done
echo "1+3+5+...+100="$sum
[root@strong shell_stu]# . test.sh
1+3+5+...+100=2500
--或者
[root@strong shell_stu]# cat while.sh
#!/bin/bash
记住我sum=0
i=1
while ((i <= 100))
do
let "sum+=i"
let "i+=2"
done
echo "1+3+3+..."=$sum
[root@strong shell_stu]# . while.sh
1+3+3+...=2500
结束标记控制的while循环
在Linux SHELL编程中,如果不指定读⼊数据的个数,可以设置⼀个特殊的数据值来结束while循环,
该特殊数据值称为结束标志。其通过提⽰⽤户输⼊特殊字符或数字来操作,当⽤户输⼊该标记后结束while循环,执⾏done后的命令,while循环的形式如下:
read variable
while [[ "$variable"!=sentline1]]
do
read variable
done
⽰例:
[root@strong ~]# cat while_01.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "Please enter a number(1~10)"
read num
while [[ "$num"!=4 ]]
do
if [ "$num" -lt 4 ]
then
echo "Too small , try again"
read num
elif [ "$num" -gt 4 ]
then
echo "Too great, try again"
read num
else
# exit 0
break
fi
done
echo "Congratulation ,you are right"
[root@strong ~]# . while_01.sh
Please enter a number(1~10)
3
Too small , try again
5
Too great, try again
4
Congratulation ,you are right