高中作文写作：议论文
议论文的三要素
论点，论据和论证是议论文的三要素，论点是作者对所论问题所持的见解和主张；论据是用来证明论点的事实和道理的根据；论证就是用论据来证明论点的方法和过程。一般来说，议论文每段应有主题句（topic sentence）来确定论点。文章结尾往往提出自己的看法、意见或建议，表示对某一现象或论点的赞成或反对。论证有立论和驳论两种，作者证明自己的论点正确，是立论；反之，证明别人的论点错误，是驳论。
议论文的注意事项
1. 论点要鲜明，不可含糊其辞；论据要充分，要能充分证明观点的命题性，论据过程要条理清晰。
2. 文章安排逻辑性要强，推理要严密。
3. 重在说理，以理服人。
4. 主要使用现在时态。
5. 中学英语书面表达所要求的议论文，是一种限定性的写作，其论点、论据和论证都比较明确，有的文章提出问题，如：……为什么？/……怎么办？/……该采取什么措施？考生可以结合题目要求阐述相关的观点，切忌随意发挥。
★议论文模板
一、正反观点式议论文模板
导入：第1段：
Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should…（导入话题）
Our opinions are divided on this topic.（观点有分歧）
正文：
第2段：Most of the students are in favor of it.（正方观点）
Here are the reasons. First… Second…Finally…（列出2~3个赞成的理由）
第3段：
However, the others are strongly against it.（反方观点）
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place… What’s more… In addition…（列出2~3个反对的理由）
结论：第4段：
Personally speaking ,the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more good than harm, so I support it （个人观点）
二、“A”或者“B”类议论文模板：
导入：第1段
Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argu
e that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文：第2段
There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that… Another reason is that… (赞同A的原因)
第3段：
All these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that A is superior to B in many ways.…(得出结论)
三、观点论述类议论文模板：
一米等于几分米导入：第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favor of the decision. (亮明自已的观点是赞成还是反对)
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. （过渡句，承上启下）
正文：第2段：
First of all… Secondly…Besides…（列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由）
结论：第3段：
In conclusion, I believe that… (照应第1段，构成“总—分—总”结构)
四、连贯地连接信息
白公鸡打一字（1）常用的过渡词（组）
1. 表示并列 what’s more, in addition, too ,as well ,besides, furthermore, moreover ,what’s worse.
2. 表示因果 therefore, for this reason, thus, consequently.
3. 表示转折 but, however, on the contrary, instead, on one hand… on the other hand
4. 表示时间顺序 later, afterwards, from then on ,eventually, in the meantime, then, at the same time, after a while, at present, after that, finally
5. 表示列举 first, to begin with, secondly, first of all, then, next, finally
6. 举例说明 such as, for example, for instance, take… for example
7. 表示让步 nevertheless, still
8. 表示对比 on the contrary, in contrast, similarly
9. 陈述事实 in fact, actually ,as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth
10. 表示总结 in a word, in short, to sum up, in conclusion, on the whole, to conclude, in brief, in summary, in general, all in all
11. 表示意义重复 that’s to say, in other words, to put it in another way, to put it differently
12. 表示强调 above all, more importantly, indeed, without any doubt
(2)常用的过渡句式有：
1. I do agree with… 2. In some way, I agree with…,but…
3. This point sounds right, but… 4. However, I think…
5. I definitely believe… 6. In my opinion/view, …
7. Personally, I feel that…/ Personally, I agree with…
8. As far as I’m concerned,…
9. I can’t agree more with the father. Such cases are often seen in our life
10. Attitudes towards…are various. 11. for one thing. …..for another
12. last but not the least….
(3)表达观点
认为 | Think/feel/consider/say /hold that/hold the view that /insist/believe that |
依我看 | In my opinion/in my view/ in my eyes /as far as I am concerned |
就我所知 | As far as I know |
我有理由如下 | My reasons are as follows |
中考成绩单我的观点如下 | Here are my opinions |
赞成/支持 | Agree/be for/be in favor of |
恐怕 | I’m afraid that… |
我相信 | I’m convinced that… |
我反对 | I don’t agree with the idea that… |
（4）引用 俗话说/常言道
There goes the old saying… As the saying goes… There is a saying…
As a proverb says… As we all know…议论文论据
（5）常用句子
1. Different people (students) have different ideas.
2. Different people look at …in different ways.
3. 60% of the students hold the view that…
On the other hand, 40% believe that …
4. Opinions on the question are divided as follows: 70% of the students think that…..
On the other hand, 30% don’t like the idea of….
征管法全文5. I’d love to give my opinion about…..
6. There are many advantages in… First….Second,… Third…
However , there are some disadvantages as well……. Besides,
五、写作模板（优缺对比）
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over ( the issue that) （作文主题）.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in （题目议题）.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, (优点一). And secondly （优点二）.
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