高一英语上册过去分词作表语和状语专项练习
知识梳理
过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成系表结构，表示主语的性质、特征或状态。其前的系动词可以是表状态的：be，keep，stay，remain等；表示“变成”的：become，get，go等以及表示“感官”的：look，sound，feel等。
1. 表“情感类”的过去分词done作表语，已具有形容词词性，表示“人感到……”。 注意：这类词的现在分词doing表示“令人……”。 | Everyone present is very inspired at his speech. 听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。 You looked frightened.你看起来很害怕。 He became interested in two theories. 他对两种理论产生了兴趣。 The book is interesting and I’m interested in it. 这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。 |
2. 有些过去分词作表语，含“被动”之意，但强调主语所处的状态。 注意：过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别： 过去分词作表语，强调主语的特点或所处的状态；而被动语态中，强调主语是动作的承受者。 | This shop is now closed.商店关门了。 The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。 Mary is dressed in red.玛丽穿着红的衣服。 The cup is broken.杯子碎了。（强调状态） The cup was broken by Tom. 杯子是被汤姆打碎的。（强调动作） |
练习题：
1. The __________ (attack) get __________ (attack).
2. For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt __________ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room.
3. We got a little __________ (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.
4. Do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get ________ (infect). (所给词的适当形式填空)
5. When you get _________ (burn), it is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes.（所给单词适当形式填空）
6. He promised that the crime would not go ________ (punish).（所给单词适当形式填空）
7. I gave all my money to him, but now I felt ________ (cheat) somehow. （用所给单词适当形式填空）
8. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ______ (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. (所给单词的正确形式填空)
9. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid __________ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel __________ (challenge).
10. (语法填空) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel __________ (challenge).
【答案】1. attackers; attacked 2. pleased 3. sunburned/ sunburnt 4. infected 5. burned/ burnt
6. unpunished 7. cheated 8. stuck 9. looking; challenged 10. challenged
【解析】1. 句意：攻击者受到攻击。结合句意可知答案为(1). attackers; (2). attacked
2. felt为连系动词，后面要接形容词或分词作其表语，因此变成形容词性分词pleased。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们有点晒黑了，但这一天很轻松，我们并不介意。sunburn晒黑，是动词或名词。get被用来代替动词be，和过去分词连用，构成被动结构，表示某一事件或事故的发生，着重强调动作。即get + done结构，故用过去分词sunburned/ sunburnt。
电子请柬4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：不要擦拭，因为这样会擦破水泡，伤口会感染。get+过去分词，表被动。根据句意，故填infected。
5. 考查过去分词。句意：当你被烧伤时，最好将烧伤处放在缓慢流动的水下冲大约10分钟。burn和主语you之间为逻辑上的被动关系，burn应用过去分词形式，作表语；此处是“get+过去分词”表示被动含义；burn的过去分词有两种形式burned或burnt。故填burned/burnt。
6. 考查过去分词。句意：他承诺说罪犯不可能不受惩罚。分析句子可知，本句为双重否定句，go+过去分词，“变得……，处于……样的状态”，其中过去分词作表语，结合句意可知，空白处应为否定形式。故填unpunished。
7. 考查过去分词。句意：我把所有的钱都给了他，但现在我觉得自己被骗了。now I felt ① (cheat) somehow已有谓语动词felt且无连词，此处用非谓语形式，主语I和动词cheat是动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动，作系动词felt的表语。故填cheated。
8. 考查过去分词。句意：今年4月，由于火山灰云，数千名度假者仍滞留在国外。remained是系动词，后需接形容词作表语，因为表示度假者被滞留，所以空处需用过去分词stuck作表语。故填stuck。
9. 考查动名词和过去分词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking；根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。
10. 考查过去分词。句意：我迅速低下身，低下头，避免直视他的眼睛，这样他就不会感到有挑战。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战。feel为系动词，此处表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。
过去分词作状语
过去分词可作时间，条件，原因，让步，结果，方式，伴随等状语，相当于一个状语从句。分词作状语时，用来修饰一个句子，分词的逻辑主语必须和该句子的主语保持一致。过去分词作状语时，和该句子的主语构成被动关系。
1. 作时间状语 | Opened in 1955(=When Disneyland was opened in 1955), Disneyland in California is regarded as the original fun park. 在1955年被开放，加利福尼亚迪斯尼乐园被认为是非常有趣的原始的游乐场。 我真的很棒 |
2. 作条件状语 | 48式太极拳Given more time (=If we are given more time), we will do it better. 戚风蛋糕做法如果多给些时间，我们会做得更好。 |
3. 作原因状语 | Bitten twice by our dog(=Because the postman had been bitten twice by our dog), the postman refused to deliver our letters. 由于被我家的狗咬过两次，那个邮递员拒绝给我们送信。 |
study的过去分词4. 作让步状语 | Told many times(=Although he was told many times), he still couldn’t understand it.虽然被告诉了好几遍，但她仍然不理解。 |
5. 作方式或伴随状语 | The teacher came in, followed (=and was followed) by his students. 老师进来了，后面跟着他的学生。 |
练习题：
1. Deeply _______ (upset) by his words, Julia felt that she wasn’t able to concentrate on what she’s doing. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2. These mountains are a wonderful sight when______(view) from the valley floor. (所给单词适当形式填空)
3. _______ (bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. (所给单词适当形式填空)
4. One day, mentally ________(exhaust), I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. (所给单词适当形式填空)
5. I stared at the moving model of the waste machine,______________ (absorb) by its efficiency. (所给单词适当形式填空)
6. ______________ (compare) to many students, she was indeed outstanding in the artistic performance. (所给单词适当形式填空)
7. ________ (affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery. (所给词的适当形式填空)
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