初中英语八种时态归纳
时态 | 意义 | 时间状语 | 结构及变化 | |||
一 般 现 在 时 | 英语时态总结always, usually, often , sometimes, every week (day, year , month…), Once a week, On Sundays | 肯定:主语+ be(am/ is /are )+ 其他 否定:主语+ am/is/are + not + 其他 问:Be (am/ is are )+ 主语 + 其他? 答:Yes …be ./ No ,…be not . 特殊:Wh… + Be 的疑问句? | ②行为动词: 肯定:主语+ do(does) + 其他 否定:主语 + don't / doesn’t + 动原 问句:Do /Does + 主语 + 动原? 答:Yes…do/does ./ No,… don’tdoesn’t. 特殊:Wh… + do /does 的疑问句? | |||
一 般 过 去 时 | 过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态; 过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 | ago, yesterday, long long ago , the day before yesterday, last week (year, night ,month…), in1989, just now , at the age of 5, one day, once upon a time, | ①be动词: 肯定:主语+ (was /were)+ 其他 否定:主语+ wasn’t/were not + 其他 问:Was/Were + 主语 + 其他? 答:Yes …be ./ No ,…be not . 特殊:Wh… + was/ were的疑问句? | ②行为动词: 肯定:主语+ 动词过去式 + 其他 否定:主语 + did + 动原 问句:Did + 主语 + 动原? 答:Yes…did. / No,… didn’t. 特殊:Wh… +did的疑问句? | ||
一 般 将 来 时 | 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 | tomorrow, by…, next day (week, month , year…), soon, in a few minutes , the day after tomorrow | 基本结构 be going to + 动原 肯定:主语+am/is/are/going to + do; 否:主语+ am /is /are + not going to do 问:Be + 主语 +going to do……? 答:Yes …be ./ No ,…be not 特殊:Wh…+ Be主语 going to do的疑问句? | will/shall +do . 肯定:主语+will /shall + 动词原形 否定:主语+will not (won’t) + 动词原形 问句: Will /Shall主语+ 动词原形 ? 答句:Yes …will . / No ,…won’t . 特殊:Wh… +will的疑问句? | ||
现在 进行时 | 表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 | now, look , listen at this time , these days , | 基本结构: 肯定:主语am/is/are +doing 否定:主语am/is/are+ not + doing. | 问: am/is/are主语 +doing ? 答:Yes …be ./ No ,…be not 特殊:Wh…+ Be主语 + 疑问句? | ||
过去 进行时 | 表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作 | At this time yesterday ,at that time , 或when引导的一般过去时的时间状语 | 基本结构: 肯定:主语was /were +doing 否定:主语was /were not + doing. | 问:Was /Were主语 +doing ? 答:Yes …was/ were ./ No ,…was /were not 特殊:Wh…+ Be主语 + 疑问句? | ||
现在完成时 | 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 | recently, lately, since+ 时间点 for+ 时间段。 =(since + 时间点ago) in the past few years, | 基本结构: 肯定:主语+ have/has+ done(动词的过去分词) 否定:主语have/has+ not+ done. (动词的过去分词) 问句:主语+have/ has + done(动词的过去分词)? 答:Yes …have /has ./ No ,…have/has not . 特殊:Wh…+ have/has主语 + 疑问句? | 注意:当与一段时间连用时,动词要改为延续性动词。 have bought =have been had have borrow = have kept have died = have been dead ………… have been to : have gone to : have been in : | ||
过去完成时 | 以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去” | before, by the end of last year (term,month…); 过去时态的从句 | 基本结构: 肯定:主语+ had + done(动词的过去分词) 否定:主语had not+ done.(动词的过去分词) 问句:主语+ had + done(动词的过去分词)? 答:Yes …had./ No ,…had not . 特殊:Wh…+had 主语 + 疑问句? | |||
过去将来时 | 立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中 | The next day (morning,year…), the following month (week…) | 基本结构: 肯定:主语+ was/were going to + do; 否:主语+ was/were+ not going to do 问:Be + 主语 +going to do……? 答:Yes …be ./ No ,…be not 特殊:Wh…+ Be主语 going to do的疑问句? | ②would +do . 肯定:主语+ would + 动词原形 否定:主语+ would not (wouldn’t) + 动词原形 问句:Would 主语+ 动词原形 ? 答句:Yes …would. / No ,…wouldn’t . 特殊:Wh… +would 的疑问句? | ||
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