计算公式为P=F/S
释义二: 压力在物理学方面指垂直作用在物体表面上的力。受力物是物体的支持面,作用点在接触面上,方向垂直于接触面,在受力物体是水平面的情况下,压力(F)=物重(G)。在这种情况下,压力单位为 牛顿(简称 牛 字母为“N”)。
PSI英文全称为Pounds per square inch。
P是磅pound,S是平方square,I是英寸inch。
把所有的单位换成公制单位就可以算出:1bar≈14.5psi公斤力
1psi=6.895kPa=0.06895bar
欧美等国家习惯使用psi作单位
在中国,我们一般把气体的压力用“公斤”描述(而不是“斤”),单位是“kg/cm2”,一公斤压力就是一公斤的力作用在一个平方厘上。
而在国外常用的单位是“Psi”,具体单位是“lb/in2”, 就是“磅/平方英寸”,这个单位就像华氏温标(F )。
此外,还有Pa(帕斯卡,一牛顿作用在一平方米上),KPa,Mpa,Bar,毫米水柱,毫米汞柱等压力单位。
1巴(bar)=0.1兆帕(MPa)=100千帕(KPa)=1.0197 公斤/平方厘米
1标准大气压(ATM)=0.101325兆帕(MPa)=1.0333巴(bar)
因为单位相差都很小,如果不是要精确计算,可以这样记:
1巴(bar)=1标准大气压(ATM)=1公斤/平方厘米 =100千帕(KPa)=0.1兆帕(MPa)
1标准大气压=760mm汞柱=76cm汞柱=1.01325×10^5Pa=10.336m水柱。1标准大气压=101325 N/㎡。(在计算中通常为 1标准大气压=1.01×10^5)
如果要做精确计算,关系如下:
压力换算关系:
1达因/厘米2 (dyn/cm2)=0.1帕(Pa)
1托(Torr)=133.322帕(Pa)
1毫米汞柱(mmHg)=133.322帕(Pa)
1毫米水柱(mmH2O)=9.80665帕(Pa)
1工程大气压=98.0665千帕(kPa)
1千帕(kPa)=0.145磅力/英寸2(psi)=0.0102千克力/厘米2(kgf/cm2)=0.0098大气压(atm)
1磅力/英寸2(psi)=6.895千帕(kPa)=0.0703千克力/厘米2(kg/cm2) =0.0689巴(bar)=0.068大气压(atm)
1物理大气压(atm)=101.325千帕(kPa)=14.695949400392磅/英寸2(psi)=1.01325巴(bar)
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