期末联考英语试题
一、未知
THE WEEK, full of the world’s best news and facts, offering science, animals, puzzles, people, apps, photos, books, sports and eating insects, helps young people make sense of the world.
Iran Protests Continue To Escalate
People in Iran held more large protests against the government on October 30 after being warned not to by authorities. Students who took down partition walls meant to separate men and women in cafeterias were arrested. Protests began in September after the death of Mahsa Amini, who was arrested for showing her hair in public.
Lalitpur, Nepal Hindu Tihar Festival
People in Nepal marked the second day of the Tihar festival, which is dedicated to worshipping dogs and highlighting their loyalty to humans. The five-day festival is associated with the Hindu God Yama and eac
h day is dedicated to a different animal. At the Sneha Care shelter, which is home to about 170 dogs, people spent the day giving dogs treats and placing orange garlands (花环) around their necks.
Singapore Green Tower Opens
A new 919-foot-tall skyscraper containing 80, 000 plants has opened in Singapore. The office building is also a “green oasis” for people to visit and explore. On the top floor there is a 4, 500-square foot roof top farm, which produces herbs, flowers, fruit, and vegetables for three restaurants in the building. It is estimated that the farm, which visitors can also walk through, grows between 154 and 220 pounds of produce each month.
1. Why did students pull down partition walls?
A．To warn the authorities.
B．To mourn the death of Mahsa Amini.
C．To fight against inequality of genders.
D．To separate men and women in cafeterias.
2. How is the Tihar festival celebrated?
A．It is celebrated all around the world.
B．People have five days off to do the celebration.
C．Different animals are treated at the Sneha Care shelter.
D．Dogs are entertained for their loyalty on its second day.
3. What does the 919-foot-tall skyscraper in Singapore function as?
worshippingA．A vertical farm. B．A shopping center.
C．An office building. D．An indoor recreation center.
Maya Lin, designer and sculptor, has created some of the most iconic works and spaces with the belief that art can address important issues. Her latest projects are no different, from museums to sculptures for Presidential centers.
Lin, 62, grew up in Ohio, the daughter of college professors who were Chinese immigrants. As a 21-ye
ar-old student at Yale University, she gained national prominence when her entry won a design competition for the new Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC. Her winning design-two black granite (花岗岩) walls engraved with the names of US service members who died in the Vietnam War (1954-1975) or remain missing-is considered one of the most influential in modern architecture.
Lin went on to design the 1989 Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama, and dozens of other projects globally, all with social and environmental justice in mind. She told The Wall Street Journal she uses facts in her art. She said, “I am going to present you with what the story is, but I am not going t o draw the conclusion for you.” Currently underway is Lin’s plan for the new Museum of Chinese in America in New York City. Lin said she wants it to be a celebration of Chinese American stories and contributions to the country.
Lin is also designing a scu lpture to honor former President Barack Obama’s mother, who died in 1995, at the Obama Presidential Center in Illinois. When Obama awarded Lin the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016, he called her work “physical acts of poetry, each reminding us that the most important element in art or architecture is human emotion.”
4. What is Maya Lin’ principle to make her creation?
A．Art is to lead to reputation.
B．Art is a physical act of poetry.
C．Art is to create something distinguished.
D．Art can be a medium to approach affairs.
5. What is conveyed in her work for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial?
A．US soldiers’ sacrifice in the Vietnam War.
B．The influence of the Vietnam War on America.
C．The bloody and cruel scenes of the Vietnam War.
D．Vietnamese soldiers’ fearless fight in the Vietnam War.
6. Where will the sculpture of Barack Obama’s mother be housed?
A．Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC.
B．Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama.
C．Museum of Chinese in America in New York City.
D．Obama Presidential Center in Illinois.
7. Which of the following best suits the topic of the passage?
A．Designing with talents
B．Stirring up emotions in art
C．Becoming a great Chinese immigrant
D．Creating the most influential architecture
Making and retaining deep, meaningful friendships as an adult is hard, especially for men. Less than half of men report being satisfied with their friendships, and only about 1 in 5 said they had received emotional support from a friend in the last week, compared with 4 in 10 women, according to a 2021 survey from the Survey Center on American Life.
Why is it so hard? When Dr. Frank Sileo, a psychologist based in Ridgewood, New Jersey, first began conducting research on male friendships in 1995, many participants assumed his survey was about homosexuality. Such stereotypes are inaccurate, but revealed some of what maybe holding some men back from deep friendships, Sileo said.
Besides, boys receive messages that growing up and “manning up” mean hiding their soft side-a mindset that neuroscience, social science and developmental psychology all show is harmful to them. The drive to toughen up and never show vulnerability (脆弱) that restricts men from friendships can lead them to loneliness, violence and anger. “We consider relationships as feminine.” Sileo said. “If that’s a feminine (女性特有的) thing, it becomes a weakness or inability if men admit to needing friendships. “Thus, men seeking closeness might turn to those they see as better at building relationships and feel comfortable exploring their vulnerability with: the women in their lives and their romantic partners, according to Sileo’s research. It may seem like a good solution, but putting everything on a romantic partner can strain a relationship, whether it is going to a female partner exclusively for emotional support or depending on her to cultivate friendships and get-together for holidays and weekends. It is crucial to have
multiple people to go to for support for different perspectives. “Men need to know it’s not just a woman
thing.” she said. “They need to know that men can do it, too. “We live in a culture that clashes with our nature. If we raise children to go against their nature, we shouldn’t be surprised if some of those children grow up to st ruggle. Research has shown expression of negative emotions improved men’s emotional well-being, increased feelings of being understood and resulted in less reported loneliness. So just as many men make a great effort to eat right, exercise, succeed in their careers and raise children, men should prioritize developing friendships as well.
8. Why does the author mention some numbers in the first paragraph?
A．To inform a fact. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To support an opinion. D．To make a comparison.
9. What do we know about Dr. Frank Sileo’s research in 1995?
A．It studies men’s health.
B．It studies men’s friendships.
C．It studies male homosexuality.
D．It studies reasons why men lack deep friendships.
10. Which one may be the consequence if a man lacks friendship?
A．A man may get used to it. B．A man may turn to a woman.
C．A man may become feminine. D．A man may focus more on his career.
11. Which column does this passage most probably belong to?
A．Science B．Culture C．Health D．Entertainment While DNA from animal bones or teeth can cast light on an individual species, environmental DNA enabled scientists to build a picture of a whole ecosystem.
A core of ice age sediment (沉积物) from northern Greenland has yielded the world’s oldest sequences of DNA. The 2 million-year-old DNA samples revealed the now largely lifeless polar region was once home to rich plant and animal life - including elephant-like mammals known as mastodons (乳齿象), reindeer, hares, lemmings, geese, birch trees and poplars, according to new research published in the journal Nature on Wednesday.
The finding is the work of scientists in Denmark who were able to detect and restore environmental DNA - genetic material drop into the environment by all living organisms - in tiny amounts of sediment taken from the Copenhagen Formation, in the mouth of a strait in the Arctic Ocean in Greenland’s northernmost point, during a 2006 expedition.
They then compared the DNA pieces with libraries of DNA collected from both extinct and living animals, plants and microorganisms. The genetic material revealed
dozens of other plants and creatures that had not been previously detected at the site based on what’s known from fossils and pollen records.
“The first thing that blew our mind when we’re l ooking at this data is obviously this mastodon and the presence of it that far north, which is quite far north of what we knew as its natural range,” said study co-author Mikkel Pedersen.
The mix of temperate (温带) and Arctic trees and animals suggested a previously unknown type of ecosystem that has no modern equivalent - one that could act as a genetic road map for how different species might adapt to a warmer climate, the researchers found.
Love Dalen, a professor at the Centre for Palaeogenetics at Stockholm University, said the finding “pushed the envelope” for the field of ancient DNA. “Also, the findings that several temperate species (such as relatives of spruce and mastodon) lived at such high latitudes are exceptionally interesting,” he added.
Further study of environmental DNA from this time period could help scientists understand how various organisms might adapt to climate change. “It’s a climate that we expect to face on Earth due to global warming and it gives us some idea of how nature will respond to increasing temperatures,” he explained.
12. What can we know about environmental DNA from the passage?
A．It makes it easier to understand individual species.
B．It is a collection of DNA from all kinds of living things.
C．It includes DNA of mammals living 2 million years ago.
D．It was first discovered in sediment from northern Greenland.
13. How did the scientists identify the result of their research?
A．By looking at the data of mastodon.
B．By detecting DNA samples at the site.
C．By analyzing fossils and pollen records.
D．By comparing the newly-found DNA with existing ones.
14. What do the underlined words mean in the 7th paragraph?
A．broke the limit B．laid a foundation
C．raised a new question D．attracted wide attention
15. Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Northern Greenland faces species extinction
B．Oldest DNA reveals a solution to global warming
C．Northern Greenland faces increasing temperatures
D．Oldest DNA reveals a 2 million-year-old ecosystem
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