一、 形容词短语
"形容词+介词(短语)"结构在中学英语课本中使用率较高。尽管构成这种结构的介词数 量有限,但让学生能熟练地掌握和运用它们还有一定的难度。那么,我们教师和学生能了解"形容词+介词(短语)"结构及其含义是很有必要的。为此,笔者把这 种结构做如下分述,供大家教学时参考。
一、形容词+表示目的、原因、用途和意图等意义的介词for,to, after等。例如:
①Is this book fit for children?这本书适合儿童阅读吗?
②They are anxious for a change.他们渴望变换环境。
③His advice has been most useful to me.他的忠告一直对我有益。
这一类结构还有:famous for, sorry for(about), eager for (about), greedy for, bound for, unfit for等。
二、形容词+表示原因、动机等意义的介词of, about等。例如:
①He is afraid of dogs.他害怕狗。
②We were proud of our great motherland.我们为我们的伟大祖国而感到自豪。
③He is fond of sweet food.他喜爱甜食。
④Her eyes were full of tears.她泪水盈眶。
这一类结构还有:empty of, short of, sure of(about), certain of(about), suspicious of, independent of等。
三、表示人的情绪、态度或身体感觉、状态意义的形容词+介词with, at等。例如:
①I wasn't pleased with my exam results.我对自己的考试成绩不满意。
②His parents were very strict with him.他父母对他要求很严格。
③He was angry with himself for having made such a foolish mistake.他为犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误而生自己的气。
这一类结构还有:busy with, short with, delighted with(at), content with, satisfied with等。
四、形容词+表示范围意义的介词at, in, on等。例如:
①I'm interested in English.我对英语感兴趣。
②They are good at playing football.他们擅长踢足球。
这一类结构还有:active in, pale in, weak in, useful at, strict in等。
五、形容词+表示距离、起源等意义的介词from。例如:
①American football is quite different from ordinary football.
②My home is far from the school.
这种结构有两种情况值得注意:
1.一个形容词与一个介词搭配,在不同的句子中表达的含义不同。例如:
A) full of充满的,丰富的,有许多的;(心里,脑际)满怀着,充满着
①This is a basket full of beautiful flowers.
②I stared at the big dog, full of fear.休息
B)short of缺少;未达到的;除……以外;只要没有……,只要不……
①The farm is short of man-power.这家农场缺少人力。
②We are still five miles short of our destination.我们离目的地还有五英里路。
③Short of lying, I will do what I can for you.除了说谎外,我愿尽力帮助你。告诉我自己
o型血和a型血生的孩子 ④Short of unexpected delay on their way, they'll arrive by tomorrow.只要路上没有意外的耽误,他们最迟将在明天到达。
2.由于习惯用法等的影响,往往同一个形容词与不同的介词搭配,所表达的含义相差不大。例如:
A)angry at sth.因……发怒(生气)
angry with sb.对……发怒(生气)
①He was angry at what I said.
②The teacher was very angry with me.
B) careful of注意
careful about小心;注意;讲究
①We've been warned to be careful of "SARS".我们受到警告要注意"非典"。
②You must be careful about what you say.你说话必须小心。
类似的这种结构还有:
①pleased
at因……而快乐
with对……感到满意(赞成)
about因……而感到高兴
②good
for sb.对某人有益
to sb.对某人和善
of sb.某人好意
at sth.善于(做)某事,对某事做得好
二、初中缩写词汇
星期
戏字开头的成语星期一:MONDAY=MON 星期二:TUESDAY=TUS
星期三:WENSEDAY=WEN 星期四:THURSDAY=THUR
星期五:FRIDAY=FRI 星期六:SATURDAY=SAT
星期天:SUNDAY=SUN 未来的书包
月份
一月份=JAN 二月份=FEB
三月份=MAR 四月份=APR
五月份=MAY 六月份=JUN
七月份=JUL 八月份=AUG
九月份=SEP 十月份=OCT
十一月份=NOV 十二月份=DEC
常用词
FOR 到永远=FOREVER 双鱼座图片
TO RTN=RETURN(送回)
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