名词性从句
★ 名词性从句中使用陈述句语序。
① 从属连词that; whether; if
(只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分）
② 连接代词 what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which,等.在从句
1.分类 中做主语，宾语，表语，定语等句子成分。
③ 连接副词when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wherever等在从句中做状语成分。
引导名词性 2. 名词性从句的连接词选用原则：“缺什么就补什么”
从句的连接词 I know what he is talking about. (从句中缺宾语,指物)
Do you know who he is? (从句中缺表语,指人)
Where he will go is unknown. (从句中缺地点状语)
I’m sure that they will come tomorrow. (从句中什么都不缺)
I don’t know which book I should choose. (从句中缺定语)
定义：充当主语功能的句子叫主语从句
That she was chosen made a great stir (轰动) in her school.
注意: ①it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary / important that…. …是有必要 / 重要的….
It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 whatever什么意思It is universally acknowledged that../ It is known that…众所周知…
It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge/ a fact that… ……是常识/事实
It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It happens that…碰巧.. / It occurs to sb.that… 突然想起……
名 主语从句 ②It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
强调句： It is in the morning that the murder took place. (去掉该结构后,句子成分完整)
词 主语从句：It was a pity that you shouldn’t go to see the film. （在句子中作主语成分）
③whatever /whichever/ whoever引导主语从句的区别
Ⅰ Whatever 是what的强调形式表示“无论什么”相当于 anything that…
从 Whatever / Anything that she does is wrong.
Ⅱ whoever 是who的强调形式，表示‘无论谁’ 相当于anyone who….
句 ~ever Whoever / Anyone who walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold.
Ⅲ whichever ‘无论哪个;无论哪些’,既指人,又指物. 可修饰名词与of连用
Whichever book you borrow doesn’t matter to us.
Whichever of us fulfills his task will lend a hand to others.
定义：在复合句中充当宾语功能的句子叫宾语从句
We can learn what we didn’t know.
We find it necessary that we (should) practice English every day.
★某些作表语的形容词，如sure, happy, glad, certain等之后可带宾语从句
I am glad that you can come and help me.
注意：① wish/would rather后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。
I wish I had finished my homework yesterday. I’d rather you had been there yesterday
② 在表示建议,命令, 请求的词后面的宾语从句当中用should + V, should可以省略
宾语从句 His pale face suggested that he was ill so I suggested that he should go to see the doctor.
He insisted that he was innocent and insisted that he should be set free.
③ 注意it作形式宾语的结构
We all thought it a pity that we had missed the lesson.
I took it for granted that they were not coming.
④ that一般不接介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in的宾语；其它介词后面需用it作形式宾语
He differs from his roommates in that he devoted his spare time to reading.
He knows nothing about Jim except that he is from London.
You can depend on it that he will help you in time of emergency.
⑤表示好恶的动词如like; hate; love;enjoy; dislike; appreciate等后面不能直接跟宾语；
I like it when the weather is sunny.
I hate it when someone is later for my class.
定义：充当表语功能的句子被叫做表语从句。 ★复习系动词的概念和类别！
The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.
表语从句 注意：reason后面的表语从句只能用that,不能用why引导. ★The reason is that（because ×)…
The reason why we didn’t trust him is that he has often lied. (该句型中why引导一个定语从句)
定义：同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容. 这些名词主要是表示抽象概念的词如fact, news, promise, idea, truth; possibility; statement; warning; advice等
★同位语的引导词有that; whether; why; who; where; how等；其中that和whether只起引导作用
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