名词性从句
相关概念
1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。
The boy is li Ming.
Mr. Liang , a 24-year-old boy, teaches us English .
名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
名词性从句在功能上相当于名词
主语 His job is important. What he does is important.
表语 This is his job. This is what he does every day.
宾语 I don’t like his job. I don’t like what he does every day.
同位语 I don’t know about the man, Mr. White.
I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.
名词性从句考点归纳
名词性从句高考考查主要内容
1 引导词的选择与判断；②词序：不倒装（陈述语序）；
③时态：注意主，从句时态的呼应
重难点：引导词的选择与判断①句式、句子成分分析：
②词义分析：that无词义、whether（if）是否…
什么是名词性从句?
在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。
主语从句 ( The Subject Clause) 宾语从句 ( The Object Clause) 表语从句 ( The Predicative Clause) 同位语从句 ( The Appositive Clause)
一 、主语从句： 在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。
例：他星期三来这里是肯定的。
1.That he will come here on Wednesday is certain.
注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，都要加上从属连词that
他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。
2. Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.
注意：主语从句表示“是否” 只用“whether” 而不用“if”
3. What he said is not true .他所说的是不真实的。
（What指。。。。的，代指物或事情）
4 Where he hid the money is to be found out .
5 How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.
6 When they’ll start the project has not been decided yet.
7 Whoever comes is welcome.
小结一：主语从句中引导词的判断与选择有三种类型：
1、that引导的主语从句，是一个完整的句子，在此句中不作任何成分也无实际意义
2、whether 引导的从句，意义不完整，不确定，需要增添，“是否”（主语从句用whether而不用if）
3、特殊疑问词引导的主语从句，意义不完整，且缺主语，宾语，表语表什么事情则用 wh
at .
①who whose whom （谁） whoever（无论谁）（什么）、which（哪一个），whatever（无论什么）whichever（无论哪一个）作主语、宾语、表语等。
②疑问副词（连接副词）：when，where，how，why，在名词性从句中作状语分别表示(什么时候),(什么地方),(怎样),(为什么).
练习：
1._______ he said is true.
A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether
2.________ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.
A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That
3._______ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
A What B. That C. The fact D. The matter
4._________ we can't get seems better than _________ we have.
A What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what
5. ____ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain
A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if
6.________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where
7.________ you don't like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
8.________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What B. That C. How D. Where
9.______makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.
A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever
10 ______ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.
A. That B. What C. Why D. If
小结二：
一、主语从句的语序
（1） 主语从句构成有两种
a. That + 陈述句
That light travels in straight lines is known to all.
b. 疑问词+句子的剩余成分
How he was successful is still a puzzle
“It” is used as empty subject为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.
1.It is certain that he will succeed.
2.It is not known whether he will go there.
3.It has not been decided yet when they’ll start the project.
在实际应用中，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语的that从句后置，如以下四种不同的结构：
It + be + 形容词 ＋ that从句
It is necessary that… 有必要…
It is important that …. 重要的是…
It is obvious that…… 很明显……
注意：从句语气要用虚拟语气
Eg. It is necessary that a new plan should be designed at once.
It + be + -ed分词 ＋ that从句
It is believed that… 人们相信…
It is known to us/all that …. 众所周知…
It has been decided that…… 已经决定……
Eg. It’s reported that no one was killed in the earthquake.
It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句
It is common knowledge that… …是常识
It is a surprise that …. 令人惊奇的是…
It is a fact that…… 事实是……
(1) It is a pity that we can’t go.
(2) It is no surprise that our team should have won the game.
It + 不及物动词 ＋ that从句
It appears that… 似乎…whatever什么意思
It happens that …. 碰巧…
It occurred to me that…… 我突然想起……
Practice time
1.It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray.
A .while B. that C. if D. for
2.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.
A .however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
3. It remains a question ____ we can get so much money in such a short time.
A。how B. that C. when D. what
发布评论