英语单词的结构
什么是词？
词是能独立运用的、最小的、有语义的语言单位。就其句法功能来说，词可以分为功能词（function word）和实义词（content word）两类。功能词指的是没有完整词汇意义但有语法意义或语法功能的词，包括________、________、__________、________、_________、_________等。实义词指的是本身有完整词汇意义的词，包括__________、_________、__________、_________等。
英语单词是由字母拼写而成的，可以由一个字母组成一个单词，如______，也可以由45个字母组成一个单词，如：（n.肺尘病）。
英语单词的内部结构也不尽相同，让我们来分析以下三组词：
1.book, books, bookish, bookcase
在第一组词里，book可以再分吗？
在第二组词中，toler
ate
ance
ation
able
in
第三组例词中都有一个共同成分_________, 意思是__________,-phone有声音的意思，如microphone; -gram往往表示书写或描绘出来的东西，如telegram; -scope表示“观察的仪器，…镜”，如microscope.
从上面的分析可以看出，如果撇出能不能独立运用这一点，词就不是最小的有语义的单位，语言中最小的“语音和语义的结合体”称为“词素”(morpheme)。上述三组词中，除了book外，都是由两个或两个以上的词素组成的。
什么是词素？
二、派生Derivation
注意：-ese, -ian, -ist 既可以构成名词，又可以构成形容词。
Match the right words from the right column with the words on the left.
( ) 1. enrich    A. trying to find jobs
( ) 2. semicircle    B. remove, get rid of ice, frost
( ) 3. troublesome    C. of, having, using imagination
( ) 4. sharpen    D. make or become sharp
( ) 5. job-hunting    E. half a circle
( ) 6. limitless    F. causing trouble
( ) 7. imaginative G. make rich, improve in quality, flavour, etc.
( ) 8. defrost H. without limit
Use the appropriate form of the words to fill in the blanks.
1. The mother didn’t know why her daughter was crying _______. (noise)
2. He was one of the best _______ in yesterday’s football match. (play)
3. Look! How ______ Kate is laughing! (happy)
4. It snowed _____ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)
5. Edison was a great ______. During his life he had many ______. (invent)
recycle是什么意思6. More and more _____ have come to visit China over these years. （foreign）
7. We want _________ reasons for your failure to help. (satisfy)
8. Please give me some reference work. It will ______ my task. (simple)
9. The boy had the _______ of being half starved. (appear)
10. The police have _______ a plot against the President. (cover)
11. The doctor said that Mary’s mother needed an _______.(operate)
12. She hoped that her son would become a _______. (music)
13. Few ______ words made us excited. (speak)
14. The days on the moon get hotter than ______ water. (boil)
15. Thank you for your _________. (kind)
16. Many college students work while they are studying because they want to make
some money for their college _____. (expensive)
17. Most international ______ letters are written in English, too. (busy)
18. The boy noticed an ______ mistake on his paper, but he decided not to say
anything about it. (correct) 19. When in Rome, do as the _____ do. (Rome)
20. The teacher was pleased with her _______. (honest)