英语音标发音规律-汉语标注
最主要的就是区分元音音素的/e/ /æ/ /∧/ /a:/ 。
第一个/e/嘴唇微张，急促地发声就可以了。
/æ/则嘴唇变扁，嘴巴咧开。
发/∧/ 则嘴唇稍稍张大，急促地发声【似“啊”】。
/a:/ 则嘴巴长到最大，声音放长就OK了。
/a:/ /כ/ /כ:/ /u/ /u:/ 。这五个从嘴唇的最大极限，嘴唇一直变小，到最后/u:/ 嘴巴就变到最小。
/m/ /n/ /ŋ/ 。从/m/开始，嘴巴闭上，舌尖顶住上颚，发出声音，气流从鼻子出来。
/n/，嘴巴微张，舌尖顶住上颚，发出声音，气流从鼻子出来。
/ŋ/ 则嘴巴张大，舌头向下卷，发出声音，气流从鼻子出来而不是从嘴出来。
清辅音：/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /s/ /θ/ /∫/ /з/ /h/ /t∫/ /tr/ /ts/
浊辅音：/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /δ/ /з/ /r/ /dз/ /dr/ /dz/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /l/ /w/ /j/
浊音：/b//d/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /δ/ /з/ /r/ /dз/ /dr/ /dz/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /l/ /w/ /j/ /i:/ /I/ /e/ /æ/ /3:/ /ə/ /∧/ /a:/ /כ/ /כ:/ /u:/ /u/ /eI/ /aI/ /כI/ /əu/ /au/ /Iə/ /εə/ /uə/
长元音：/i:/ /3:/ /a:/ /כ:/ /u:/ /eI/ /aI/ /כI/ /əu/ /au/ /Iə/ /εə/ /uə/
短元音：/I/ /e/ /æ/ /ə/ /∧/ /כ/ /u/
一、用“胸腔辅助送力--口腔后部发声法”背诵念读26个英文字母，
二、大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
三、[ ei / bi: /si: /di: / i: /ef /dVi: / eitF / ai / dVei / kei / el /em /en /Eu /pi://kju: /B: /es /ti: /ju:
/ vi: /dQblju: /eks /wai /zi:]
先观察以上字母的读音，然后，把含有共同元音因素的字母进行分类：
(1) [ei] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(2) [i:] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(3) [ai] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(4) [Eu] ___[ ]
(5) [u:] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(6) [e] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(7) [B:] ___[ ]
二、英语中元音和辅音(母音和子音)的分类表
英语音标（采用口腔后部发声法发音）发音特征
元音*母音单
元
音
声
带
振
动
前元音：[i:/ I:] [i] [e] [A]
发
音
清
晰
响
亮
气流通畅中元音：[Q] [E] [E: / \:]
后元音：[B:] [C:] [C] [u:] [u]
双
元
音
振
动
[ai] [ei] [Ci] [iE] [ZE/ eE] [uE] [au] [Eu]
辅音*子音哑
辅
音
不
振
动
[p][t][k] [f][s][W][F] [h] [tF][tr][ts]
发
音
含
糊
晦
涩
气流受阻浊
辅
音
振
动
[b][d][g] [v][z][T][V] [r] [dV][dr][dz]
[m][n][N] [l]/[l] [w][j ]
辅音[pr][pl][br][bl][kr][kl][gr][gl][fr][fl][sn][sl][sk][sp][sw][dw][hw][kw][tw] [Wr] [pju:][bju:][tju:][dju:][kju:][gju:][fju:][vju:][lju:][mju:][nju:][hju:][zju
连
缀
三、单词的音标怎么读。/与我们汉语拼音很相似)
拼读规则：以元音为中心划分音节，按音节来拼读。
拼读口诀：元音为中心，划分音节、按音节拼读；多音节加重音、多音节一重多轻发音，轻音节怎么轻怎么发音。重开音节读长音，轻/闭音节读短音。
例子：he[hi:], name [neim], table[`teibl], bicycle[`baisikl], teacher[`ti:tFE], red, cap, and, thank, basket, yellow, umbrella,
*****{详细内容见后面第五节(本材料第8页)：五、音节划分。。。}
小测试：音标拼读练习。
[ai]+[E] →[aiE] [au]+ [E] → [auE] [h]+[iE]→ [hiE] [p]+[ZE] →[pZE] [t]+[Ci] →[tCi]
[ei]+[tF] → [eitF] [tF]+ [ei] →[tFei] [g]+[Eu]→[gEu] [k]+[au] →[kau] [sn]+[Eu]→[snEu]
[pr]+[au] →[prau] [pl]+[ei] →[plei] [gr]+[i:]→[gri:] [gl]+[u:]→[glu:]
[kl]+[B:]→[klB:]
[kl]+[B:]+[s]→[klB:s] [t]+[u:]+[W]→[tu:W] [br]+[au]+[n]→[braun] [r]+[Q]+[b]+[E]→[`rQbE]
[b] +[ B:]+[s]+[k]+[i]+[t]→[`bB:skit] [t]+[i:]+[tF]+[E]→[`ti:tFE]
[Q] +[m]+[br]+[e]+[l]+[E]→[Qm`brelE] [bai]+[si]+[kl]→[`baisikl] [brQ]+[TE]→[`brQTE]
四、英文字母和常见字母组合的发音规则（或一般规律）：
1. 见字读音、音义结合。记住词形、服务拼写。第二步就是要
例1：知道字母组合ee一般发音是[i:] (规律), 那么，meet这个单词就脱口而出了。
词(词形)： meet 义：遇见；初次见面/认识；满足迎合；迎接/出迎。[ __-__-__ ] → [ ]读音/音标
例 2：词(词形)：which 义：哪个，哪些[ __-__-__ ] → [ ]读音/音标
例 3：词(词形)：whose 义：谁的？[ __-__-__ ] → [ ]读音/音标
例 4：词(词形)：pl ea se 义：请，求你了[ __-__-__ ] → [ ] 读音/音标
2. 英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律：（要求熟记于心，脱口而出）
总口诀：元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。
字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。遇见生词规律，划分音节顺口连，
元音字母在中间，辅音字母两边站，字母组合算一个，熟能生巧难亦简。
辅音字母发音小口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。
b发[b], c发[k], ci(y) ce多发[s]; 例blue, table, Crisp, class, picture, actor, pencil, bicycle, nice, d发[d], f [f], g发[g] [dV], [V]少见; Sandy, dog, red, fly, coffee, green, egg, orange, garage
h [h], j发[dV], k / l [k] [l]可分连; her, here, his, jeep, Japan, book, look, blue, Klan class
m [m], n [n][N], p [p] q [k] r 发[r]; meet, am, no, green, thank, English, pen, cap, quickly, Crisp, s 最多[s]和[z], 趋唇[F] [V]也常见; sir, this, sit, is, his, whose, please, sure[F], usually[V], pleasure x 发音剪头端，[ks]多于[gz]面； six, pencil-box, excuse, exercise; exam, (后接重读元音)
t 发[t], v 发[v], w 辅音[w]来念； eacher, it, very, voice, river, with, swim, wash, which, white 最后一个字母z，发好[z]音才算完。 zoo, zero, size, puzzle,
常见辅音字母组合的发音口诀：字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。
wh发音 [h] 和 [w], wh ---[ ] which, white, what, where, when, why [ ] whose, who, whole {*whew [hw-]}
th 常发 [W] 和 [T]；th --- [ ] this, that, the, they, with [ ] thank, three, tooth, forth, eleventh
ch/tch多发[tF]，有时发音[F]或[k](t)ch--[ ] chicken, chair, child, sandwich, catch, watch chase(追赶，追击，追求), [ ]ache, headache, chemist[ ] machine[mE`FEn],chaise [Feiz] (带篷二轮马车)
sh[F],ph[f],gh 不发或发[f](词尾) sh --[ ]shoe, ship, sheep, fish, wash, ash ph ---[ ] photo, telephone, phrase
gh ---[ ] right, light, daughter [ ] laugh, cough
ge\dge 多发[dV],ck发[k],kn [n];(d)ge ---[ ] orange, page, bridge, fridge, porridge(麦片粥，稀饭)
ck ---[ ] black, kick, lock, back
kn ---[ ] knife, know, knock, knee(膝盖), kneel(跪下), knit (编织), knob(球
形把手, 旋钮),knack (诀窍), knight(骑士，武士;,
ng 易发 [N] [Ng], qu发音 [kw] 和[k]。ng ---[ ] sing, song, long, wing [ ] English, hungry
qu ---[ ] quick, quite(相当，十分), quiet (安静的，平静的), quarter, require,
[ ] cheque(支票), unique(唯一，独有独特的), technique(技巧),
wr 发卷趋 [r],wr ---[ ] wrong, write, wrap(包，裹), wrist(手腕), wrest(拧，扭), wrestle(摔跤), wring(绞，扭)双写分节不分音：miss, apple, egg, sorry, yellow, umbrella {双写元音字母：see, zoo, book}
ts/tes ---[ ] its tail(它的尾巴), two baskets /boats(两个篮子/小船), my coats /shirts (我的上衣/衬衫), three hats(三顶帽子), five cats(五只猫), many streets(许多街道), two packets(两个包裹/两包..), some presents/ sweets(一些礼物/糖果), two biscuits (两块饼干), a box of chocolates (一包巧克力糖), ten minutes (十分钟), two gates (两扇大门), in my pockets (在我的口袋里), two lights /kites (两个灯 /风
筝), two nests (两个鸟巢/窝), two tea-pots (两个茶壶), some carrots (一些胡萝卜), What’s this? It’s
a pen. sits,
ds/des---[ ] two birds, two hands, English words, their beds, their heads, two blackboards, goods(商品/货物)，辅音连缀pr ---[ ] practice, praise, pray, press, price, proud,
pl---[ ] please,play,plane,plan,place,plain,plenty(丰富，大量),pliers(钳子(如老虎钳，手钳，等)，镊子),
plod(沉重地走, 辛勤工作), plop (扑通落下), plum(李子), plug(插头，插上),
br---[ ] brag(吹牛), brake (闸，刹车), brain, break, bread, breed (使)繁殖, 教养, 抚养), brown, bride(新娘),bribe(贿赂, 向…行贿), brush
bl---[ ] black, bleed, blind, blouse, blood, blue,
cr-/kr--[ ]crab(螃蟹),cradle(摇篮),cream,crop,cricket([昆]蟋蟀,[运动]板球)criticize(批评, 责备), cry,cruel(残忍的), kraut(泡菜), Kremlin (克里姆林宫),
cl-/kl--[ ]class,claim((根据权利)要求得到，认领，声称，主张，需要)clean,clear,clock,close,click(发出滴答声，单击n.滴答声),club(俱乐部), klaxon (高音喇叭/气笛, 电喇叭), Klan (=Ku Klux Klan)三K党) gr---[ ] grade, grass, grape, graceful(优雅的，温文尔雅)，green, great, grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), grin(露齿笑, 裂口笑), groan(呻吟(着说), gruffly (说话或态度粗暴地, 粗声地, 生硬地) gl---[]glass,glad,gleam 发微光，使闪烁),glide(滑行，滑翔),globe(地球仪),glove(手套),glue(胶水/胶合)
fr---[ ]France, French, free, fresh 新鲜的，无经验的,frequent频繁的,friend 朋友,fried,fry, frog青蛙, fro
m(自，从)，front (前面，前线，阵线), fruit(水果，果实，果类，成果), frustrated (感到灰心/失败的) fl---[ ]flat,flag,flame火焰，热情,flap拍打，鼓翼而飞，飘动,flares喇叭裤)flash闪光，闪现一瞬间), flea跳蚤,flee逃跑，逃走,fleer狞笑，讥笑,fles，果肉,flinch 畏缩，退缩，畏首畏尾, floor地板
楼层,float漂浮，浮舟，彩车,flood洪水，水灾，淹没，涌进，涌出flour面粉,flow流动,(河水)泛滥，洋
溢,flower(花), flu (流感), fly (飞翔，飞行)，flub (做得不好, 弄糟), fluent (流利的, 流畅的), sl---[ ]slave奴隶,slander诽谤,slaughter屠宰，残杀，屠杀,sleep睡眠睡觉, sleet (下/雨加雪, 下冰雹), sleeve (袖子), slice (薄片, 切片), slim (苗条的, 纤细的), slip (滑倒, 失足), slogan (口号, 标
语 ), slow(ly)(慢的/地), sly/ slily [slaili](狡猾的/地),
sm---[ ] small (小的, 少的), smart (聪明的, 漂亮的, 灵巧地, 时髦地), smarty (=wise guy自作聪明的人), smell(气味, 臭味, //嗅, 闻到, 散发(...的)气味, 有(...的)气味), smile ((～ at) 微笑), smog (烟
雾), smoke (n.烟, 烟尘, 烟幕//v.抽烟, 吸烟vi.冒烟), smuggle (n.走私, 偷带v.走私), sn---[ ]snow, snake, snack(吃)快餐/小吃)),snail蜗牛,snap猛咬,sneer冷笑，轻蔑的笑,sneeze (打/ 喷嚏), snob /snobling (势利的年轻人, 势利小人),
sk---[ ] skate, skating, skirt, ski (=skee滑雪), skim (掠过, 滑过, 浏览), skin (皮肤, 兽皮, 皮毛), skint (身
无分文的, 穷光蛋的), skip (跳, 蹦，跳读), sky-blue (天蓝的, 淡蓝, 蔚蓝) sp---[ ] space (空间, 间隔, 距离, 空地, 余地), spade (铲, 铁锹), Spain (西班牙), spare (多余的, 剩下的/分让给),spell, speak (说话, 谈话, 发言, 演讲, 说明事实, 表示意见，操(某种语言)), spear
([spiE]矛, ), specific ([spi`sifik]特效药, 详细而精确的, 明确的), spice (香料, 调味品,
情趣), spider (蜘蛛), sport(运动，运动会), spume [spju:m](n.泡沫v.(使)起泡沫), spumous (adj.
起泡沫的, 泡沫状的), spur[spE:](n.踢马剌, 剌激物v.鞭策), sputter [`spQtE](n.vi.vt.说话急
快/唾沫飞溅/飞溅出/喷溅声), sputum [spju:tEm](唾液, 痰), spy (特工, 间谍, 侦探,//秘密侦
察),
st---[ ] stand, stamp (邮票, 跺(脚), 顿(足)),stage舞台，戏剧，举行star星，恒星，明星，名角), start (动身，开始，着手惊动，惊起，起动，发动), staff (棒, 杖, 杆, 支柱, 全体职员), stadium (露天运动场
/体育场),step, steep(陡峭的),stick (棍, 棒, 手杖/粘住, 粘贴), stop, student, stupid (愚蠢
的, 麻木的), stupidity (蠢事，糊涂事), stutter (口吃, 结结巴巴的说),style风格, 时尚, 文体), sw---[ ] swab ([swCb]n.拖把, 药签,vt. 拭抹, 擦洗), swag(摇晃, 水潭，垂花饰), swear(宣誓, 发誓),
sweat(n/v.(使)出汗),sweater(厚运动衫, 毛线衫), sweep(扫, 打扫, 清扫, 席卷, 冲光),
sweepup(n.大扫除), sweet(甜的, 可受的, 美好的, 芳香的/n. 糖果),swim (swam,swum), swing
(swang, swung，秋千, 摇摆, 摆动), swicky([美]威士忌酒), swig(n/v.痛饮, 大喝特喝(尤指从瓶口
喝的)), swiftly(迅速地, 敏捷地), swindle (sb of…骗走某人的), swob(拖把, 海棉), swobble(大
口地吃), swoon(vi.昏晕, 昏厥惊讶, 酣睡n.狂喜, 陶醉), swoop(n.突然下降, 猛扑vt攫取vi.飞
扑, 突然袭击), sword(剑), swot(at../ for../up; vi.用功读书vt.用功学习n.苦读的人, 辛苦的
工作),
元音字母a e i(y) o u 的发音口诀：元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。
重开音节多长音，[ei][i:][ai][Eu][ju:/u:]来拼；重闭音节/轻音短，[A][e][i][C][Q][u][E]
a接r /ss常发[B:/A], 还有[ei][A] [C/C:][i] [E]。e的发音首数[e]，空尾/重[i:]轻[i][E]。
重开音节i发[ai]，重闭/轻音短[i][E]。o发长音[Eu][C:][u:]，短音[Q][C][E] one殊。
u字多发 [ju:]和[Q]，忙碌busy(i)加[u:][u]。y头发[j]重读[ai]，轻音/结尾[i]变来。
ay ,ey, o/uy，多发[ei][i],[Ci][ai]。r前元音常卷舌，S后弱音须强化。
相近发音不规则，省力顺口是关键。相近/强化加弱化，使得元音多变化。
例词：a--- [/ ei / B:/ A/ C:/ C/ E/ i / ] 强化音[ei]，弱化音[E]a接r /ss常发[B:/A], 还有[ei][A] [C/C:][i] [E]。
name [ei], table [ei], car [B:], park [B:], class [B:], basket [B:/A], as [A], ass [A], father [B:],
afterward(s) [B:/E](然后, 后来), dollar [E],cap [A], catch [A], grammar [A/E], America [E], asleep, alone,
afraid, banana [E /B:/E], woman [E], water [C:], watch [C], what [C], war [C:], orange [i], e--- [/ i:/ e/ i / E/ -*(词尾空音) / ] 强化音[i:]，弱化音[E/ i ] e的发音首数[e]，空尾/重[i:]轻[i][E]。 he [i:], she [i:], we [i:], me [i:], evening [i:], red [e], pencil [e], empty [e], desk [e], umbrella
[e],French [e],basket [i] women [i], pretty [i], the [E / i:], children [E], open [E], hundred [E / i:],
/ -*(词尾空音) /---- whose [z], house [s], nice [s], face [s], white [t], name [m], give [v], side [d],
wake [k], prize [z], fine [n], tube [b], orange [dV], employee [i:] (职工, 雇员, 店员), apple [pl],
table [bl], little [tl], middle [dl], bicycle [kl], eagle [gl](鹰),
i--- [ /ai / i:/ i / E / ]强化音[ai/i:]弱化音[E/ i] 重开音节发[i: /ai]，重闭/轻音短[i][E]。right [ai], bicycle [ai], white [ai], police [i:], this [i], which [i], his [i],building [i], beautiful [E], holiday [E], o--- [ /Eu/ Q/ C/ C:/u:/ u / E / wQ-]强化音[Eu/ C:/u:]弱化音[E]o发长音[Eu][C:][u:]，短音[Q][C][E] one殊。 no [Eu], cold [Eu], those [Eu], come [Q], some [Q], mother [Q], brother [Q], son [Q], month [Q], dog
[C], not [C], hot [C], sorry [C], shop [C], locker [C], box [C], orange [C:], whose [u:], who [u:],
do [u:], to [u:], two [u:], woman [u], policeman [E], today [E], occasion [E](场合, 时机, 机会),
aeroplane [E], // one [wQn], once [wQns], reservoir [`rezEvwB:],
u--- [ /ju:/ Q / u / u: /i / ] 强化音[ju:/u:]，弱化音[i]u字多发 [ju:]和[Q]，忙碌busy(i)加[u:][u]。
use [ju:], usually [ju:], tube [ju:], music [ju:], pupil [ju:], rubber [Q], umbrella [Q], mum [Q], hungry[Q], bus [Q], just [Q],cup [Q],put [u], full [u], pull [u], ruler [u:],Sue [u:],blue
[u:],minute [i], busy [i]
y--- [ /ai / j / i /] 强化音[ai]，弱化音[i] y头发[j]重读[ai]，轻音/结尾[i]变来。
your [j], you [j], yes [j], yellow [j], young [j], my [ai], why [ai], tyre [ai], style [ai], fry [ai], cry [ai], bicycle [i], baby [i], ready [i], hungry [i], very [i], thirsty [i], empty [i], busy
[i], body [i], slowly [i],
常见元音字母组合发音口诀：字母组合固定音，常受影响发音变；千锤百炼习语感。
组合爱发长/双元(音(重读音节))；常受影响发音变；为了顺口图方便，近似发音相变换。
另有强化加弱化，多个字母省略念。外来/古语不规则(发音)，熟读百遍字腔圆。
a--- ay [ei] day, say, play, way, weekday, birthday,// [i] Sunday, Monday, …
ar [B:] car, star, farm, are, park, garlic, // [E] dollar, collar, grammar, particular [pE`tikju:lE], al [C:] all, ball, small, hall, walk, chalk,// [B:] half,
[C:l / Al / El ]非组合式的情况： although[C:l], alga [`AlgE](藻类, 海藻), algal [`AlgEl](adj.海藻的), algebra
[Al`dVibrE] (代数学), signal [lsigEl](信号/发信号, 用信号通知),
au [C:] daughter, fault, audience, cause, August[`C:gEst] (八月), august [C:`gQst](令人敬畏的, 威严的), [C] because, [au] kraut(泡菜),
[B:] laugh,
air [ZE] air, chair, hair, pair, fair,
ai [ei] aid, aim, rain, afraid, wait, maid, straight, faith (信念, 宗教信仰, 忠实,),
aw [C:] draw, law, saw, awful, raw,
e--- ea [i:] teacher, tea, eat, meat, read, clean, heal, [e] bread, breakfast, head, [ei] great, break, steak, ee [i:] meet, teeth, see, three, green, week, freezing, queen,
ei [ei] eight, weigh, weight,
[i:] receive, ceiling, deceit (n.欺骗, 谎言), deceive(v. 欺骗, 谎言), receipt (收条, 收据, 收到), perceive (v.察觉感知, 感到), conceit (原义；自负, 幻想),
er [E:] her, herd(兽, 牧/放牧), emergency (紧急情况, 紧急突发事件, 非常时刻,),
[E] teacher, sister, brother, farmer, worker, letter, over,
ear [iE] ear, hear, near, year, fear, earwig (偷听者),
[ZE] pear, wear, swear(宣誓, 发誓),
[E:] early, earth, earn,
ere [iE] here, sphere (球体), hemisphere (半球),
[ZE] there, ere (prep/conj. 前于...; 在...以前),
eir [ZE] their,
eer [iE] beer, deer, cheer(欢呼/喝彩), sneer(冷笑，讥笑), jeer(讥讽嘲弄), engineer, ,
ey [ei] they, grey, hey,
ew [ju:] new, few, hew(砍), view(景, 风景, 观点, 见解), ewe (母羊),
i--- ir [E:] girl, sir, thirsty, shirt, skirt, first, thirty, whirl((使)旋转), stir (轰动, 激起，搅动),
ie [i:] piece, niece(侄女，甥女),field,thief,believe, belief,achieve(完成，达到),chief(首领，领袖，酋长, 长官//主要的, 首要的, 首席的，主任的),grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), relief((痛苦等的)减轻), ire [aiE] tire(轮胎；使劳累), tired(累的，疲劳的), wire(金属丝, 电线),
igh [ai] right, light, fight, might(也许, 或许; 可能), night, knight,
o--- or [C:] or, for, fork, morning, short, torch, more,
[E:] work, worker,
[E] actor, doctor, forget,
oa [Eu] boat, coat, goat, goal,
oo [u:]school, food, too, room, tooth, spoon, moon, boot, root, wool, mood(心情, 情绪, 语气, 状态), [u] book, look, cook, good, football, foot
[Q] blood, flood,
ou [au] house, blouse, trousers, mouse, mouth, south, ouch, out, our, hour, flour, sour, mountain, [Q] young, touch, rough(粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗野的),
[u:] you, through, rouge [ru:V](擦口红/胭脂),
[u]would, could, should,
发誓的英文[C:] cough,
ow [au] brown, down, how, now, towel, tower,
[Eu] yellow, bowl, show, blow, snow, throw
oy/oi [Ci] boy, toy, enjoy, employ, // noise, noisy, toilet, oil, boil,
our [au] our, flour(面粉)
[C:] your, four, course,
ore [C:] before, more, forehead, foresee,
oor [C:/ JE]/ door, floor, moor(荒野；停泊, 系住),
u--- ur [E:] turn, Thursday, hurt, fur, urge, further, urban (城市的, 市内的), suburb, suburbia (郊区居民), ure picture, future[tFE], // sure[FuE], //pleasure, measure[VE],
ua [JE] usual, usually, February, graduate [`grAdJEt](大学)毕业生, 研究生),
非组合发音： graduate [`grAdjJeit] (v. (使)(大学)毕业), [jJE]January,
uy [ai] buy, guy,
五、音节、音节的结构和类型、音节划分、音节重音和拼读：
1. 音节就是英文单词字母(或发音)的排列单位，一个单位算一节。连读起来轻重缓急，流利有节奏，便于听说阅读。
2. 音节的结构‘类型；口诀：完全结构头中尾(音头/音中/音尾)，元音字母占中央(包含组合)，缺头少尾有开闭(音节)，e
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