【导语】每年的12⽉25⽇是⼀年⼀度的圣诞节,这个在西⽅社会历史悠久的节⽇,如今在世界其他地区也很流⾏。2018年的圣诞节再过⼀段时间也要到了,那么就让为你盘点下你不⼀定知道的圣诞节英语知识吧,欢迎阅读参考!更多相关讯息请关注!
圣诞节的英语介绍
  1.Christmas Day
  Every year on dec. 25, the birth of Jesus Christ was memorial day of the Muslim, called the Christmas.
  每年的12⽉25⽇,是基督教徒纪念耶稣诞⽣的⽇⼦,称为圣诞节。
  From December 24th to next January 6 is Christmas feast. During the festival, christians were held the ceremony. Christmas is originally Christian festivals, because of people attention, it became a national holiday, the biggest festival in a year, and the New Year in western .It is like the Spring Festival of China. Exchanging gifts and sending Christmas CARDS on Christmas day cele/pate Christmas.
  从12⽉24⽇于翌年1⽉6⽇为圣诞节节期。节⽇期间,各国基督教徒都举⾏隆重的纪念仪式。圣诞节本来是基督教徒的节⽇,由于⼈们格外重视,它便成为⼀个全民性的节⽇,国家⼀年中最盛⼤的节⽇,可
以和新年相提并论,类似我们的春节。交换礼物,寄圣诞卡,这都使圣诞节成为⼀个普天同庆的⽇⼦。
  2.the Christmas Eve
  Christmas Eve is also commonly says Christmas Eve ,and the family reunion in the sitting room, will be around the tree to sing Christmas carols and exchange gifts, and share the joys and sorrows of a life, express the wish and love. In that night will see a group of lovely boys or girls, playing a guitar,singing a poem and a good tidings.
  圣诞节前⼣也就是俗说的平安夜,当晚,全家⼈会团聚在客厅中,围绕在圣诞树旁唱圣诞歌曲,互相交换礼物,彼此分享⼀年来⽣活中的喜怒哀乐,表达内⼼的祝福及爱。在这天晚上都会看到⼀可爱的⼩男⽣或⼩⼥⽣,弹着吉他,⼀家⼀家的唱着诗歌报佳⾳。
  The red and white sceneries is Santa Claus, He is the most popular pepole. Western children on Christmas Eve will put a sock near the fireplace or a pillow before going to sleep,They thought Santa Claus will fill it with gifts in the sleep.
  红⾊与⽩⾊相映成趣的是圣诞⽼⼈,他是圣诞节活动中欢迎的⼈物。西⽅⼉童在圣诞夜临睡之前,要在壁炉前或枕头旁放上⼀只袜⼦,等候圣诞⽼⼈在他们⼊睡后把礼物放在袜⼦内。
  It is said that Santa Claus would drive reindeer sleigh full guild to send gifts for the children on Christmas Eve, he would
enter into the house quietly by the chimney, put present in stocking.which hangs on the head of a bed .So the children always strips of colour profusion stockings at the head of a bed, and put a cup of hot milk beside the socks to the household of Santa Claus to thirst, and hope that Santa Claus would send a gift for himself. The next day , every child can't wait to open the ritual, want to know what his reward.
  据说平安夜的晚上,圣诞节⽼公公会驾着驯⿅雪橇满载着礼物准备送点这⼀年来表现很好的⼩朋友,他会悄悄地从烟囱爬进屋内,礼物塞在挂在床头的袜⼦⾥。所以孩⼦总会把⼀条条⾊彩缤纷的袜⼦挂在床头,并在袜⼦旁边放杯热⽜奶给劳苦功⾼的圣诞⽼⼈解渴,并送份⼤礼给⾃⼰。隔天每个⼩朋友都迫不及待地打开礼,想知道⾃⼰得到什么奖励。
  3.The origin of the Christmas tree
  Christmas tree really appear in Germany, after the first introduced to Europe and America, and become the indispensable Christmas decorations. They usually use colourful lights, wax, gifts or angels, for Christmas .especially in the northwestern living people, because the local rich forest reso
urces, they will go to pick the trees as a real tree. Christmas is a natural variety, pine tree and Christmas are also man-made and white Christmas. Each tree is hung on the SAN marino adornment, but every tree must have a big star at the top of the tree, symbolized star that guide the magi found Jesus. And in the traditional custom, and only the Lord of a family can put the star, others can't hang the longterm.
  然⽽圣诞树真正出现在圣诞节,⾸先见于德国,之后⼜传⼊欧洲和美国,成为圣诞节不可或缺的装饰物。他们通常⽤五光⼗⾊的彩灯、蜡、礼物或天使来装圣诞树,尤其住在美国西北部的⼈们,因为当地丰富的森林资源,他们会全家⼈⼀起去挑选⼀棵真正的树做为圣诞树。圣诞树的种类繁多,有天然松柏圣诞树、也有⼈造圣诞树及⽩⾊圣诞树。每棵圣诞树上都挂满琳琅满⽬的装饰品,但每棵树的顶端必定有⼀棵特⼤的星星,像征着那颗引导东⽅三博⼠到耶稣的星星。⽽且在传统习俗上,只有家庭的⼀家之主才可以把这颗希望之星挂上,旁⼈是不可以越俎代庖的。
关于圣诞⽼⼈你不知道的知识
  ⼤胡⼦⽼头⼉从哪⼉来?
  圣诞⽼⼈的原型尼古拉斯,在公元280年出⽣于名叫利西亚的地⽅。当然,现在的地图上有利⽐亚,有西亚,可就是没有利西亚——这⽚⼟地在今天的⼟⽿其境内。
  相传,在早期的教会中,尼古拉斯由⼀名牧师晋升为主教,⽽他的第⼀幅画像就是穿着主教的仪式长袍——红⾊镶有⽩边的⾐服。世纪君实在没能到那张画像,不过主教的⾐服,可能⼤约是这个样⼦的。
  The original Nicholas was born in 280 A.D. in the small country of Lycia, which is now part of modern-day Turkey. Nicholas became first a priest and then a bishop in the early Christian church. The very first paintings of him show Nicholas wearing the ceremonial robes of a Christian bishop – red trimmed with white. When we see “Santa’s suit” today, we’re seeing those same colors.
  圣诞礼物是怎么装进袜⼦⾥的?
  尼古拉斯还是个⼤好⼈,经常给穷⼈发放礼物。据说在四世纪的某⼀天,尼古拉斯在晚上来到三个穷苦⼥孩的房前,由于没有嫁妆,她们⽆法和⾃⼰的未婚夫结婚。当⼥孩们睡觉时,尼古拉斯把⾦币放进正在烘烤的袜⼦⾥。看到没,这就是圣诞礼物放在袜⼦中的源头~
  Nicholas became famous for gift-giving, usually to the poor. In the early fourth century a legend began to spread about Nicholas coming at night to the home of three poor girls who did not have dowries and therefore could not marry their fiancés. While the girls slept, Nicholas left gold coins in their stockings, which were drying by the fire. That’s how our tradition of Santa filling stockings got its
start.
  圣诞⽼⼈的助⼿
  不过,到这⾥,机智的你已经发现了,传说中为圣诞⽼⼈拉车的神兽去哪⼉了?事实上,驯⿅的出现,已经是另外的故事了。1809年,美国作家华盛顿•欧⽂写了⼀本书,名叫《迪德⾥奇•尼克巴克》(Diedrich Knickerbocker),他在书中写道,圣尼古拉斯飞快地赶着马车跃过树梢给孩⼦们送礼物。到了1822年,克莱门特•穆尔在名诗《圣尼古拉斯的来访》(A Visit from St. Nicholas)中,将圣诞⽼⼈的驯⿅和节⽇联系了起来,这⾸诗现在也被称为《圣诞节前夜》('Twas the Night Before Christmas)。
  说起圣诞⽼⼈的驯⿅,⼤家最熟悉的要数领头的那只红⿐⼦鲁道夫Rudolph吧~ 那你知道其他⼏只驯⿅的名字吗?他们是Dasher,Dancer,Prancer,Vixen,Donder,Blitzen,Cupid, Comet。
  美国内战期间,艺术家托马斯•纳斯特开始创作圣诞⽼⼈的漫画,希望为战争阴云下的⼈们带来⼀丝宽慰。他勾画出了这样⼀幅画⾯——⽣活在北极的圣诞⽼⼈,⾝边围绕着⼀调⽪的⼩精灵助⼿。
  During the Civil War, a magazine artist named Thomas Nast began drawing cartoons of Santa as a diversion for readers from the horrors of war. He sketched Santa as living at the North Pole, and having a lot of elves as his assistants.
圣诞老人的由来
  圣诞⽼⼈镇
  这⾥不是圣诞⽼⼈的故乡,但是却同样因圣诞⽼⼈⽽知名。在美国的印第安纳州,还有⼀个名为“圣诞⽼⼈镇”的地⽅,孩⼦们每年都会写信寄到这⾥。⾃1914年以来,这个⼩镇开始招聘当地的志愿者在圣诞节前整理和回复信件,这些⼈有个称号,叫“圣诞⽼⼈的精灵”。从早上8点到晚上8点,“圣诞⽼⼈的精灵”⼀直忙于启封信件并撰写回复,通常还要多聘请10个帮⼿才⼲得完。
  An American town named Santa Claus is being inundated with letters from excited children in the hope they will reach Father Christmas. Every year youngsters write adorable notes addressed to Santa Claus. Since 1914, the town recruits local volunteers, known as Santa's elves, to sort through the mail in time for Christmas.
圣诞节相关词汇(听说学霸和圣诞更配~)
  Rudolph(鲁道夫)
  在圣诞节期间,许许多多的动物向我们传送着季节的问候。或许,其中最的当属红⿐⼦驯⿅Rudolph(鲁道夫,圣诞⽼⼈雪橇的领头驯⿅),仅其词源上的名⽓就可能让它名声⼤噪。Rudolph来源于古⾼地德语名字 Hrodulf,意思是"有名⽓的狼"。这个名字是⼀个加⼊了hruod(意思是“有名⽓”)的合成词,其德语本义具有狼的含义。
  Reindeer(驯⿅)
  既然说到鲁道夫,那让我们来看看reindeer中的rein是什么意思吧。如同Rudolph⼀样,reindeer也是⼀个合成词,但是reindeer是⼀个来⾃于斯堪的纳维亚语的借⼊词。reindeer中的rein指的是动物本⾝,但其起源不是很确定;据说很可能来⾃于⼀个印欧语系的词根,⽤来指⽣物壮观的⿅⾓: *ker-, 意思是“⾓ ” 是同类词汇的起源词根 (星号表⽰词根是重构的)。第⼆部分实际上与deer相关,其本意是某种四腿动物。
  Manger(马槽)
  既然deer(⼀种四⾜动物)指的不是其现代释义,那么,在耶稣诞⽣场景中描述的四⾜动物就可能是⽜、⽺和马了,还存在⼀个⽐较合理的解释:词汇manger在14世纪中期释义得以证实,⽤来指动物从中吃东西的地⽅,Manger来⾃于法语mangeure(意思是“⽯槽”“马槽”,manger意思是“吃”),其最终来源是拉丁语词汇mandere,意思是“咀嚼”。 Manger这个动词的出现在mange与mandible之后。
  Nativity(耶稣的诞⽣)
  nativity究竟指什么呢?根据《⽜津英语⼤辞典》(OED),nativity这个词汇长久以来⽤来表⽰耶稣诞⽣的节⽇。nativity 这个词是⼀个拉丁语词汇(来⾃⼀个表⽰“出⽣”的动词,经由法语,与native, na
scent, naive, Noël相关。但如果深究其家族树,会得到其印欧语系词根*gen-,由此衍⽣了⼤量表⽰从温和、善良与弱⼩相关的事物的词汇。
  Ginger/pead(姜饼)
  如果说秋天是南⽠飘⾹的季节,那么圣诞节则少不了Ginger/pead(姜饼),它是我们喝拿铁咖啡、吃⼩甜饼的配搭⼩点⼼。Ginger/pead其实与/pead⽆关:这个词之所以加⼊了/pead,是因为其拉丁语词源存在最后⼀点⼩⼩的混乱,gingi/patum 来⾃于gingiber (ginger)。⽽常见的姜饼形象就是姜饼⼈(ginger/pead man)了。
  Rudolph可能早已被传播使⽤开来,⽽gingiber可以远远追溯到在此之前的希腊语与到希腊和梵⽂古吉拉特语。⼀些⼈认为其梵语的意思是“⾓状体”,因为其外观像⿅⾓。更可能的是,《⽜津英语⼤辞典》提出,梵语来⾃马拉雅拉姆语(西南印度洋)词汇inchi-ver,其中inchi意思是“根部”。
  Eggnog(蛋奶酒)
  或许,你会就着eggnog吃下你的ginger/pead。Eggnog是另⼀个由egg与nog构成的合成词。《⽜津英语⼤辞典》注释写道,Nog是⼀种“⽓味强烈的英国烈性啤酒”,其也许可以媲美苏格兰热啤酒,“⽤⼀根热的播⽕棒加热啤酒。”但传统的蛋奶酒却是以⽩兰地做底,加⼊鲜奶、蛋黄及糖⽔等,摇匀⾄起泡⽽成,故酒味浓郁⽽⾹甜。
  Mull(热红酒或啤酒)
  既然与圣诞节相关的词汇都⼏乎是复合词,那么,圣诞节饮料也⾮常复合,如将鸡蛋加⼊mulled wine/beer中。Mull在词典中定义为“加了糖和⾹料的热红酒或啤酒”。《⽜津英语⼤辞典》再次引领我们思索了mull的起源。它可能与⽇⽿曼语mill相关,⽤来指⼀种磨成粉的⾹料,mull的另⼀个意思⽤来表⽰“使软化”,mill通常会⽤来表⽰这种意思。它可能与各种饮料有关,例如拉丁语mulse,是⼀种掺假蜂蜜的饮料,或是mol,⼀种荷兰啤酒。
  Merry(愉快的)
  说完Mull这种饮料相关的种种后,你可能会觉得很愉快了。merry是⼀个古⽼词汇,出现在古英语中,两个⾳节发⾳,其最初意思⽤来表⽰“引发愉悦”。不管merry起源有多久远,其最终起源于印欧语系词根,意思是“短的”。这⼀词根还衍⽣出了英语mirth and /pief,表⽰短暂的快乐的意思,即由消遣得到的快乐,这种快乐使得时间飞逝⽽参与者得到了愉快与欢乐。
  Carol(唱耶诞颂歌)
  圣诞节的⼀种娱乐⽅式就是Carol(唱耶诞颂歌),是14世纪的⼀种伴有铃声的舞蹈,在16世纪词义出现了范围缩⼩,也就是现在的意思——节⽇颂歌。carol可能起源于希腊语khoraules,意思是伴随合唱的“长笛演奏者”。事实上,希腊语khoraules是khoros(合唱)和autos(牧笛)的合成词。
  圣诞颂歌本⾝具有⼀些表征其季节性的特殊词汇。To hark (the herald angels) 意思是“聆听。”To deck (the halls) 意思是“覆盖”,To troll (the ancient yuletide carol)是指围成⼀圈愉快地歌唱,可能与“roll”相关。
  Tinsel(⾦银丝制品)
  有其他来源表明carol来⾃于拉丁语corolla,是⼀种“花冠”也是⼀种“花环”。从词源学起源来说,花环与花冠都是由因欧语系中表⽰“扭曲”“打结”的词根“编织”⽽成的,意思是其构造就像是tinsel中的⾦丝银丝的编制⼀样。Tinsel很可能起源于法语词汇estincelle,意思是“⽕花”,⽽stencil起源于拉丁语scintilla,意思也是“⽕花”,此后衍⽣出了scintillating。
  Yule(圣诞季节)
  《⽜津英语⼤辞典》对yule的所有应⽤⽅式都可以追溯⾄古英语,意思是⼗⼆⽉与⼀⽉。正如yule⼀样,chiristmas的起源也很复杂。它可能起源于古挪威语jól,意思是“⼀场持续⼗⼆天的异教徒盛宴。”很多⼈认为yule是jolly的起源,⽽有⼀些⼈认为jolly起源于joy。
  …a partridge in a pear tree(梨树上有⼀只鹧鸪)。
  圣诞节是⼀个愉快的季节,Partridge来⾃于希腊语pérdesthai,意思是“排⽓、放*”(对,就是与fart
相关),所以也⽤来
指“使得⼩鸟飞⾛的噪⾳”。或许,在圣诞季,我们都应当放声歌唱,“你能听到我所听到的吗?”