现在完成时
1）现在完成时的构成：have / has + 过去分词
2）现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和see为例）：
主语肯定式否定式疑问式
第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数I /We/You/ They have
been here before.
He/ She has been here
before.
.I / We/ You/ They/
Many people have seen
the film.
I /We/You/ They
haven’t been here
before.
He/ She hasn’t been here
before .
.I / We/ You/ They/
Many people haven’t
seen the film.
Have you/ they been
here before?
Has he/ she been here
before?
Have you/ they/ many农夫山蒸
people seen the film?
在完成时的用法：
1、表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.常与already, just, ever, never, before等词连用. 如:
She has never read this novel.他从未读过这本小说.(他对小说的内容不了解)
2、表示 "过去的动作"一直延续到现在并有可能继续延续下去. 常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如:
I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.
I have been a member of the Party since 10 years ago.
注：在有for 和since 引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词，应用与之相应的表示状态的词。 瞬间动词（buy,die,join,lose……）不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词He has died for 3 years.(F)
He has been dead for 3 years.(T)
go out----be out
finish----be over
open----be open
die----be dead
★1.have代替buy
My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
★2、用keep或have代替borrow
I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.
★3、用be替代become
How long has your sister been a teacher?
★4、用have a cold代替catch a cold
Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.
注意：①现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用。如：in 1998, last morning等
②have/has been to 表示"去过"（去了又回来了）
have/has gone to 表示"去过"（去了没回来了）
常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系如下：
1、go——be away
2、come——be here
3、come back——be back
4、leave——be away（be not here）
5、buy——have
6、borrow——keep
7、die——be dead 8、begin——be on
9、finish——be over 10、open——be open
11、close——be closed 12、lose——be lost
13、get to know——know 14、turn on——be on
15、get up——be up 16、sit down——sit/be seated
17、join——be in（…）或be a…member
18、become——be
一、单项选择
1. Li Hong has ________ the army for 2 years.
A. joined
B. be in
王艺洋C. been in
D. joined in
2. We have been friends since ______.
A. children
B. five years
C. five years ago
D. five years before
3. Mike ___________ the story for a month.
A. has bought
B. has had
C. had had
D. has borrowed
4. You ______ that question three times.
A. already asked
B. have already asked
C. already have asked
减肥可以吃苹果吗D. asked already
5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou __________.
A. since last week
B. a week ago
C. for a week
D. since a week ago
6. I _____ at this school for two years.
A. am studying
B. study
C. studied
D. have studied
7. They _________ in the city since last summer.
A. live
B. didn’t live
C. have lived
D. live
8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _________ 1992.
A. since
B. from
C. after
D. in序的成语
9. Mr. Black _________ China since the summer of 1998.
A. has been to
B. has been in
C. has come to
D. came to
10. His father _______ for years.
A. has died
B. has been dead
C. died
D. dies
11. Mary ________ to see the films because she __________ it twice.
A. won’t go, saw
B. won’t go, will see
C. won’t go, has seen
D. didn’t go, sees
12.---- Would you like some more food?
----Thank you. I _______ enough.
A. will have
B. have had
C. have
D. had
13. ______ you ______ England? Yes, it _____ a beautiful country.
A. Will, gone to, was
B.Have, been to, is
C. Had, been to, is
D.Have, gone to, is
14. ----_______ you _______ to Beijing?
----No, I ______.I ______ there early next month.
A. Have, been, haven’t, am going
B. Had, been, hadn’t, am going
C. Have, gone, haven’t, was going
D. Did,go, didn’t, was going
15. ---You sister ______ to London to study English. Is that true?
---Yes , she ___ there for two months.
A. has been, has been
B. will go, has gone
C. gone, will be
D. has gone, has been
16. He has a computer of his own. He ____ it two days ago
A. bought
电脑属性打不开B. bought
C. bought
D. has bought
17. —Where is Li Lei? —He ___ Shanghai.
A. has gone to
B. has been to
C. went to
D. goes to
18. He _______ his homework and is now listening to music.
A.. finishes
B. has finished
C. finish
思久久D. is finishing
19. David _______ Shanghai for more than three months.
A. came to
B. has been to
C. has been in
D. has come to
20. --- Is your father a Party member?
--- Yes, he ____ the party three years ago. He _____ a Party member for three years.
A. joined; has been
B. has joined; has been
C. was joined; is
D. joined; was
21. ---What a nice bike! How lone ____ you ____ it? ----Just five weeks.
A. will; buy
B. did; buy
C. are; having
D. have; had
22. I ______ this book for a week .I have to return it now.
A. borrowed
B. have borrowed
C. kept
D. have kept
23. ----______ your sister _______ in Green China for a long time?
----Yes. She joined it five years ago.
A. Has; been
B. Have; been
C. Has; joined
D. Have; joined
24. ---How long have you _______ from the USA? ----For three months.
A. come back
B. returned
C. go back
D. been back
25. I _____ this book for half a year.
A. have bought
B. have had
C. bought
D. had
26. The students are sorry to hear that famous singer _______ for a year.
A. has left
B. has gone
C. has been away
D. has gone away
27. --- ______ you______ your homework yet? ---Yes, I _____ it just now.
A. Did; do; finished
B. Have; done; finished
C. Have; done; have finished
D. Will; do; finish
28. The sand storm weather ______ in Beijing several times this year.
A. happen
B. happened
C. has happened
D. have happened
29. ---How long have you been here? --- ____ last month.
A. For
B. Until
C. Before
D. Since
30. He ____ a cold for three days.
A. has caught
B. has had
C. has got
D. caught
31. Jim Green ____ in China for two years.
A. has come
B. has been
C. has arrived
D. came
32. The film ____ for half an hour.
A. has been on
B. has begun
C. hasn’t begun
D. began
33.—Where have you _______ these days？
—I have to Beijing with my friends．
A. been；gone
B. been；been
C. gone；been
D. gone；gone 34．How long have you _______ this book？
A. bought B．borrowed C．had D．lent
35. We have lived here _______ five years ago．
A. when B．since C．before D．after
36．—I have watched the game． —When _____you _______ it？A．have；watched B．do；watch C．did；watch D．will；watch 37．—How do you like Beijing, Mr. Black？
—Oh，I _______ such a beautiful city．
A．don't visit B．didn't visit C．haven't visited D．hadn't visited 38．Miss Brown _______ to the Great Wall twice．
A．have been B．has been C．have gone D．has gone
39.His brother has been to Stone Forest twice ______ he came to Yunnan．A．after B．before C．since D．for
40．His grandpa _______ for two years．
A．was died B．has been dead C．was dead D．has died 41．—Have you ever_______ to Haikou？
—Yes，I_______ there with my family last August．
A．gone；went B．been；went C．been；went to D．been；was in 42. His sister ______ her hometown for three years. She'll return next year．A．left B．has left C．has been away D．has been away from
以适当形式填空
1. I_______ already _______ (see) the film. I _________ (see) it last week.
2. ----- _______ he ________(finish) his work today ? ------Not yet .
3. -----_____you _______(be) to Hong Kong ?
----Yes, I ________________ (be) there twice .
4. -----_______ you ever ________(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? ----No, never.
5. My father ____ just ________ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
6. Where’s Li Ming ? He ____________ (go) to the teacher’s office.
7. Shanghai _______ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it ____ (become) a large city.
8. I _____________ (work) here since I __________ (move) here in 1999.
9. So far I ______________(make) quite a few friends here.
10. ---How long ______ the Smiths ________(stay)here? ---- For two weeks.
11. --- I ___________ (see) the film “Chicken Run”.
--- Where and when ________ you _______ (see) it?
-
-- Last week.
12. Mary _____ already _______ (have) her supper.
13. I ____________ (not want) to see the film. I ___________ (see) it with my parents. We _________ (see) it last Sunday.
14. ---______ Uncle Wang ______ (mend) the TV yet?
---Yes, he______.
---When _____ he _____ it?
--- Yesterday.
15. ______ you _______ (read) today’s newspaper yet?
16. They _____already_____(do) their homework. But they don’t
know what_____ (do) next.
17. ---____ you _____ (see) the film last night?
---No, I ___________ (see) it for several times.
18. She ____________ (be) ill for three days.
19. My father ___________ ( buy) a book for me yesterday. He____ already _________(pay) fifty yuan for it.
20. She____________ (not read) this book before.
21. ____ you ever __________ (travel) on a train before?
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