现在完成时态讲解及练习
一、现在完成时的构成
肯定句：主语+have/has+done(过去分词)+其它
HehaslivedinShenzhenfor4years.
一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+done(过去分词)+其它
HashelivedinShenzhenfor4years?
否定句:主语+have/has+not+done(过去分词)+其它
Hehasnotfinishedhishomework.
过去分词的构成方法如下?:
work---worked answer---answered obey---obeyed want---wanted?
Move---moved hope---hoped?divide---divided?
3.字尾是辅音+y的动词。则将y改i加ed.
study---studiedtidy---tidiedsatisfy---satisfied
4.以重读闭音节结尾的词，这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加?–ed.stop---stopped regret---?regretted?drop---dropped
不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表
一、AAA.（原形，过去式和过去分词一致）
1. | 花费 | cost | cost | cost |
2. | 割 | cut | cut | cut |
3. | 伤害 | hurt | hurt | hurt |
4. | 让 | let | 聊城房屋出租 let | let |
5. | 放 | put | put | put |
6. | 朗读 | read | read | read |
7. | 设置 | set | set | set |
8. | 打击，碰撞 | hit | hit | hit |
9. | 关上门窗 | shut | shut | shut |
10. | 让 | let | let | let |
二、ABB（过去式和过去分词一致）
1)过去式、过去分词含有-ought
1. | 带来 | bring | brought | brought |
2. | 买 | buy | bought | bought |
3. | 打架 | fight | fought | fought |
4. | 想 | think | thought | thought |
5. | 寻、探究 | seek | sought | sought |
2)过去式、过去分词含有-aught
5. | 抓住 | catch | caught | caught |
6. | 教 | teach | taught | taught |
3)过去式、过去分词-t替换原形-d
7. | 建筑 | build | built | built |
8. | 借出 | lend | lent | lent |
9. | 花费 | spend | spent | spent |
10. | 派遣 | send | sent | sent |
4)过去式、过去分词在原形词尾加t或d
11. | 学会 | learn | learnt/ed | learnt/ed |
12. | 意思 | mean | meant | meant |
13. | 燃烧 | burn | burnt/ed | burnted |
13. | 做梦 | dream | dreamt/ed | dreamt/ed |
13. | 处理 | deal | dealt | dealt |
14. | 听 | hear | heard | heard |
5）过去式、过去分词改为-ept
15. | 保持 | keep | kept | kept |
16. | 睡觉 | sleep | slept | slept |
17. | 扫 | sweep | swept | swept |
6） 过去式、过去分词改为-elt
18. | 感觉 | feel | felt | fel |
19. | 嗅 | smell | smelt/ed | smelt/ed |
20. | 拼写 | spell | spelt/ed | spelt/ed |
7)过去式、过去分词改为-aid
20. | 孵蛋 | lay | laid | laid |
21. | 说 | say | said | said |
22. | 支付 | pay | paid | paid |
8)过去式、过去分词改为-old
23. | 卖 | sell | sold | sold |
24. | 告诉 | tell | told | told | 保佑的拼音
9)过去式、过去分词改为-ood
25 | 站 | stand | stood | stood |
26. | 明白 | understand | understood | understood |
10)其它变化
27.得到 | get | got | got(gotten) |
28.坐 | sit | sat | sat |
29.照顾 | babysit | babysat | babysat |
30.离开 | leave | left | left |
31.失去 | lose | lost | lost |
32.到 | find | found | 高效能人士的7个习惯found |
33.有 | have(has) | had | had |
34.握住，召开 | hold | held | held |
35.制造 | make | made | made |
36.悬挂 | hang | hung | hung |
37.照耀 | shine | shone | shone |
39.赢 | win | won | won |
40逃跑 | flee | fled | fled |
41喂 | feed | fed | fed |
42.引导，导致 | lead | led | led |
43遇见 | meet | met | met |
三、ABA（过去式与原形一致）
1. | 变成 | became | become | become |
2. | 来 | come | came | come |
3.甜梦胶囊的功效与作用 | 跑 | 悲惨的世界run | ran | run |
4、ABC（原形、过去式、过去分词各不一样）
1).过去分词在过去式或原形后加-n或-en
1. | 击败 | beat | beat | beaten |
2. | 破坏 | break | broke | broken |
3. | 驾驶 | drive | drove | driven |
4. | 吃 | eat | ate | eaten |
5. | 落下 | fall | fell | fallen |
6. | 给 | give | gave | given |
7. | 生长 | grow | grew | grown |
8. | 知道 | know | knew | known |
9. | 吹 | blow | blew | blown |
10. | 扔 | throw | threw | thrown |
11. | 展示 | show | showed | shown |
12. | 弄错 | mistake | mistook | mistaken基础教育研究 |
13. | 拿 | take | took | taken |
14. | 摇动 | shake | shook | shaken |
15. | 说 | speak | spoke | spoken |
16. | 选择 | choose | chose | chosen |
2)三种形式都有变化
1 | 是 | be(is,am;are) | was;were | been |
2 | 开始 | begin | began | begun |
3 | 做 | do | did | Done |
4 | 喝 | drink | drank | drunk |
5 | 飞 | fly | flew | flown |
6 | 忘记 | forget | forgot | forgot/forgotten |
7 | 躺 | lie | lay | lain |
8 | 骑 | ride | rode | ridden |
9 | 打电话 | ring | rang | rung |
10 | 唱 | sing | sang | sung |
11 | 穿 | wear | wore | worn |
12 | 游泳 | swim | swan | swum |
13 | 写 | write | wrote | written |
14 | 去 | go | went | gone |
二、现在完成时标志词：
recently;recentyears;thesedays/years;lately;since;for+时间段；inthepastfewyears;eversince;inthelastfivemonths;uptonow;sincethen;sofar;ever;never,yet;once;twice;already;before;just
Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.
yet(已经):用于否定句,疑问句
Hehasn’tdonehishomeworkyet.
just(刚刚)
Theyhavejustleft.
ever(曾经)
HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?
never(从不)
Ihaveneverseenhim.
before(以前)
Haveyouseenthefilmbefore?
since(自从…以来)
I’veworkedintheschoolsince1999.
for(长达)
He’slivedinShenzhenfor6years.
inthepastseveraldays/weeks/years(在过去的…)
recently(最近)
Ihavenotwrittentomyparentsrecently.
sofar(到目前为止)
Sofarshehaslearned5Englishsongs.
uptonow(到目前为止)
thismorning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)
三、现在完成时的用法
1) 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。常与already(已经),yet(已经),just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用.
Already，yet的用法
already:常用于肯定句中.yet:常用于否定句,疑问句尾.
Someonehasbrokenthewindow.(窗户现在是坏的)
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