定句:主语+have/has+过去分词
否定句:主语+have/has not +过去分词
疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词
7. 现在完成
(1) 现在完成时的句型结构
肯定句:主语+ have/has+ 过去分词
否定句:主语+ have/has+ not+过去分词
疑问句:Have/Has +主语+过去分词
(2) 现在完成时的用法
表示到目前为止曾经有过的或未曾有过的经历和体验。常和never, ever, several times等连用。
如:
I’ve never been to Africa.
Have you ever been to Tokyo?
I’ve been there three times.
. 表示某动作从过去开始,现在刚刚完成,对现在有一定的影响。常与just, already, yet, so far等词语连用。
如:
He has just finished his new book.
注意:just now用于过去时。
.表示某动作从过去开始,一直持续到现在,可能还会持续下去。通常与 for或since连用。
如:I have lived in Qingdao for 6
years. /since 6 years ago/since 2003/
since I came to this city.
It is/has been …+ since….
It’s been seven years since we last saw each other.
It’s six years since he was a teacher.
注意:for+一段时间,since后接一个过去的时间点或一般过去时的句子。 在表将来的时间状语和条件状语从句中代替将来完成时。
如:
You can go home when you have
finished your work.
比较:You can go home when you
finish your work.
(3) 过去分词的构成威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校
一般情况下在动词词尾后直接加-ed。
如:世界十大美女
listen-listened, talk-talked
上野恩赐公园② 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d。
六年级语文期末试卷1/2
如:
绿豆饼的做法live-lived, hope-hoped
怎样学习服装设计③ 以辅音字母加y接尾的动词,y变i,再加-ed.
如:
worry-worried, hurry-hurried
以重读闭音节结尾,且结尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:
drop-dropped, plan-planned, stop-stopped
不规则变化
如:
cut-cut-cut, come-came-come
begin-began-begun, lend-lent-lent