分词短语作宾语的五种情况
分词用法
分词：主要起修饰形容词和副词作用
分词 现在分词ing:主动和进行
过去分词ed: 被动和完成
一、分词作表语
The situation isencouraging.
They were veryexcited at the news.
The door remainedlocked(被动关系)
The weather of thissummer is disappointing,(主动关系)
二、分词作定语
分词作定语是，若是单个分词作定语通常是前置修饰语；若是分词短语作定语则应置于被修饰词的后面。其作用相当于一个省略了的定义从句。
家常土豆丝的做法
The arrestedmurderer will be tried soon
Don’t disturb thesleeping child.
You may ask thelady (who is) sitting at the desk.
Those (who havebeen) elected as committee members will attend the meeting.
The people workingwith me (who work with me) treat me like their friend.
有些不及物动词的过去分词作定语，并不表示被动的意思，而是表示完成。这类过去分词常作前置修饰语。
There are a lot offallen leaves in autumn.秋天有许多落叶
The film describesthe story about the police who persue an escaped man.这部电影描述的是警察抓逃犯的事。
常用的这一类词有 fallen, faded, returned, retired, risen,grown up, vanished.
三、分词作宾语补足语
常跟分词作宾补的动词有, catch , have, get, keep, hear, find, feel,leave, make, want, start, notice, observe, watch, set, 等
I could feel myheart beating very fast after playing basketball for an hour.打了一个小时篮球之后，我能感觉到我的心脏跳的很快（现在分词表示主动）
When they returnedhome from holiday, they found their house stolen.当他们度假回到家时发现家中被盗了（过分表被动）
Have, get跟宾语补足语的几种用法
1. have sbdoing sth 让某人老是做某事
the boss had tomrunning upstairs and downstairs all the time.
2. have….done请人做某事使某事发生
you’b better have(get) your hair cut
四、分词作状语
自主招生面试自我介绍
分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间，原因，让步，方式或伴随情况。通常可转换成相应的状语从句；表示方式或伴随状况时可以转换成并列句或非限制性定语从句。
Hearing the knockon the door( when they hear the knock on the door), they stopped talking.
Confined to bed(because she was confined to bed) she needed to be waited on in everything.
Studing hard( ifyou study hard), you must pass the exam.
They stood therewaiting for the bus(they stood there and waited for the bus)
有时为了强调，分词前可带when, while, if ,though, as if ,unless等连词一起作状语，以便使句子的意思更清楚，更连贯。
study的过去分词
You must observelocal conventions when visiting a foreign country
Though tired, hestill continued reading.
现在分词和过去分词作状语时的用法比较
不管是现在分词还是过去分词单独作状语，其逻辑主语必须与主语的主语一致。分词作状语通常可转换成一个相应的状语从句，如果状语分句中的谓语动词为被动结构，就用过去分词；如果状语分句中的谓语动词为主动结构，就用现在分词
樱花红陌上
Working hard ( ifyou work hard), you will succeed.
When visiting astrange city( when I visit a strange city), I like to have a guidebook with me.
Defeated( though hewas defeated), he remained a popular boxer
五、分词的独立结构，也就是独立主格
分词作状语时，要特别注意其逻辑主语和谓语动词的主语一致。否则分词必须有自己的主语，这种带主语的分词被称为分词的独立结构，或叫独立主格。在句中作状语表示时间，原因，条件等
The projectfinished, they had a two weeks’ leave.
Weather permitting,we shall start tomorrow.
He being absent,nothing could be done.
Everything takeninto consideration, your work is well done.
独立结构有时也可用with(without)＋名词（或代词的宾语）＋分词，表示伴随情况。
Theysat there silently,(with)their eyes fixed on the lake.
Withhim helping me, I felt lucky.
一般式：分词的一般式表示的动作和谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生
I saw the two oldmen playing chess in the park.我看到有两位老人在公园下棋。
I found the flowerswatered我发现这些花已经被浇过了
属蛇五行属什么完成式（只有现在分词有完成式）
现在分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前
Professor lee,having heard the weather forecast, took a raincoat with him.李教授在听了天气预报之后，带了件雨衣
Not having madeadequate preparations, we postponed the sports meet.由于没有做好充分准备，我们推迟了运动会。
现在分词的被动式，being 过去分词，表示某一动作正在进行，实际上是由现在进行时的被动语态的定语从句变来的
You will find thematter being talked about all over the town.
梦见粽子
The methods beingstudied (which are being studied) are very useful正在研究的这些方法是十分有用的
现在分词的被动式作状语时，可以省去being，因此与过去分词作状语的用法无显著差别，一般说来可以通用。
The guests enteredthe office,(being) accompanied by the manager.
(Being) observedfrom the spacecraft, our earth looks like a bule ball.