动词过去式、过去分词变化规则
(一）分规则变化和不规则变化两种。不规则变化需逐个记忆
(二）规则变化遵循以下原则:
(1） 一般情况下，在动词后加ed构成：work / worked,stay / stayed,shout / shouted等.
（2） 在以—e结尾动词后只加d：close / closed，like / liked,live / lived，smile / smiled等.
（3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i 再加-ed：study / studied，carry / carried等.
(4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且（中间只有一个元音字母)且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed：stop / stopped，admit / admitted,refer / referred,prefer / preferred等。
【注】(1) 以字母l结尾的动词，若末尾一个音节为重读音节，则必须双写l再加—ed，如control / controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语）或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel（l）ed.
(2） 动词picnic（野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced.
(3) 词尾—ed 读音规则是：在清辅音后读作［t］,元音和浊辅音后读作[d］,在辅音［t]或[d］后读作［id]。
(1） 一般情况下，在动词后加ed构成：work / worked,stay / stayed,shout / shouted等.
（2） 在以—e结尾动词后只加d：close / closed，like / liked,live / lived，smile / smiled等.
（3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,应将y改为i 再加-ed：study / studied，carry / carried等.
(4) 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且（中间只有一个元音字母)且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed：stop / stopped，admit / admitted,refer / referred,prefer / preferred等。
【注】(1) 以字母l结尾的动词，若末尾一个音节为重读音节，则必须双写l再加—ed，如control / controlled,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语）或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel（l）ed.
(2） 动词picnic（野餐)的过去式和过去分词是picnicked,不是picniced.
(3) 词尾—ed 读音规则是：在清辅音后读作［t］,元音和浊辅音后读作[d］,在辅音［t]或[d］后读作［id]。
（三）不规则变化分类记忆表
初中英语不规则动词表(一）
一、AAA型（原形→原形→原形)
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
read | read | read | 读 |
cut | cut | cut | 切，割 |
let | let | let | 让 |
put | put | put | 放 |
cost | cost | cost | 花费，值 |
hit | hit | hit | 撞，击 |
set | set | set | 安排,安置 |
hurt | hurt | hurt | 使…伤痛 |
二、ABA型（原形→过去式→原形）
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
become | became | become | 成为 |
come | 米非司酮片副作用came | come | 来 |
run | ran | run | 跑 |
三、ABC型
1。 ow →ew →own
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
blow | blew | blown | 吹 |
draw | drew | drawn | 画 |
grow | grew | grown | 生长 |
know | knew | known | 知道 |
fly | flew | flown | 飞 |
2。 i→a →u
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
begin | began | begun | 开始 |
drink | drank | drunk | 喝 |
sing | sang | sung | 唱 |
swim | swam | swum | 游泳 |
ring | rang | rung | 打电话 |
3。 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
wear | wore | worn | 穿 |
forget | forgot | forgotten | 忘记 |
speak | spoke | spoken | 说 |
freeze | froze | frozen | 冻 |
choose | chose | chosen | 选择 |
4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e）n
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
eat | ate | eaten | 吃 |
forbid | forbade | forbidden | 禁止 |
give | gave | given | 给 |
ride | rode | ridden | 骑 |
see | saw | seen | 看见 |
write | wrote | written | 写 |
fall | fell | fallen | 落下 |
5. 无规律
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
am/is | was | been | 是 |
are | were | been | 是 |
do | did | done | 做 |
go | went | gone | 走 |
take | took | taken | 拿 |
四、ABB型
1. 原形→ought →ought
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
bring | brought | brought | 带来 |
buy | bought | bought | 买 |
fight | fought | 什么是职业素养 fought | 打架 |
think | thought | thought | 思考 |
2. 原形→aught →aught
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
catch | caught | caught | 捉，抓 |
teach | taught | taught | 教 |
3。 变其中一个元音字母
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
feed | fed | fed | 喂 |
meet | met | met | 遇见 |
get | got | got | 得到 |
hold | held | held | 拥有 |
sit | sat | sat | 坐 |
win | won | won | 赢 |
find | found | found | 发现 |
4. 原形→□lt→□lt
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
feel | felt | felt | 感到 |
keep | kept | kept | 保持 |
leave | left | left | 离开 |
sleep | slept | slept | 睡 |
sweep | swept | swept | 扫 |
5. 变其中一个辅音字母
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
build | built | built | 建造 |
hear | heard | heard | 听见 |
make | made | made | 制造 |
mean | meant | meant | 意思 |
send | sent | sent | 送，寄 |
spend | spent | spent | 花费 |
deal | dealt | dealt | 处理 |
6.辅音字母和元音字母都变
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
have | had | had | 有,吃 |
lay | lain | lain | 放 |
lose | lost | lost | 丢失 |
pay | paid | paid | 付钱 |
say | said | said | 说 |
sell | sold | sold | 卖 |
tell | told | told | 告诉 |
stand | stood | stood | 站 |
五、AAB型
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
beat | beat | beaten | 打败 |
六、有两种形式
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
bear | bore | born | 生 |
bore | borne | ||
hang | hanged | hanged | 吊死 |
hung | hung | 挂 | |
learn | learned | learned | 学 |
learnt | learnt | ||
lie | lied | lied | 说谎 |
lay | lain | 躺 | |
show | showed | showed | 给…看 |
showed | shown | ||
spell | spelled | spelled | 拼写 |
spelt | spelt | ||
burn | burned | burned | 烧 |
burnt | burnt | ||
smell | smelled | smelled | 闻 |
smelt | smelt | ||
shine | shined | shined | 照耀 |
shone | shone | ||
dream | 桃花结dreamed | dreamed | 做梦 |
dreamt | dreamt | ||
wake | waked | waked | 醒 |
woke | woken | ||
hide | hid | hid | 躲藏 |
hid | hidden | ||
七、情态动词
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
can | could | ∕ | 能 |
may | might | ∕ | 也许 |
must | ∕ | ∕ | 必须 |
shall | should | ∕ | 将要 |
will | would | ∕ | 会 |
初中英语不规则动词表（二）
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
am/is | was | been | 是 |
are | were | been | 是 |
babysit | babysat | babysat | 临时照看 |
bear | bore | born | 生 |
bear | bore | borne | 生 |
beat | beat | beaten | 打败 |
become | became | become | 成为 |
begin | began | begun | 开始 |
blow | blew | blown | 吹 |
bring | brought | brought | 带来 |
build | built | built | 建造 |
burn | burned | burned | 烧 |
burn | burnt | burnt | 烧 |
buy | bought | bought | 买 |
can | could | ∕ | 能 |
| 吃羊肉的禁忌 catch | caught | caught | 捉，抓 |
choose | chose | chosen | 选择 |
come | came | come | 来 |
cost | cost | cost | 花费，值 |
cut | cut | cut | 切，割 |
deal | dealt | dealt | 处理 |
dig | dug | dug | 挖 |
do | did | study的过去分词done | 做 |
draw | drew | drawn | 画 |
dream | dreamed | dreamed | 做梦 |
dream | dreamt | dreamt | 做梦 |
drink | drank | drunk | 喝 |
drive | drove | driven | 驾驶 |
eat | ate | eaten | 吃 |
fall | fell | fallen | 落下 |
feed | fed | fed | 喂 |
feel | felt | felt | 感到 |
fight | fought | fought | 打架 |
find | found | found | 发现 |
fly | flew | flown | 飞 |
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
forbid | forbade | forbidden | 禁止 |
forget | forgot | forgotten | 忘记 |
freeze | froze | frozen | 冻 |
get | got | got | 得到 |
give | gave | given | 给 |
go | went | gone | 走 |
grow | grew | grown | 生长 |
hang | hanged | hanged | 吊死 |
hang | hung | hung | 挂 |
have | had | had | 有,吃 |
hear | heard | heard | 听见 |
hide | hid | hid | 躲藏 |
hide | hid | hidden | 躲藏 |
hit | hit | hit | 撞，击 |
hold | held | held | 拥有 |
hurt | hurt | hurt | 使…伤痛 |
keep | kept | kept | 保持 |
know | knew | known | 知道 |
lay | lain | lain | 放 |
发布评论